1. PINACEAE THE PINE FAMILY
GYMNOSPERM FAMILIES 01
PINACEAE
THE PINE FAMILY

2. PINACEAE Known in fossils since the Cretaceous. Trees, rarely shrubs.
About 10 genera and about 225 species.
Mostly in the northern hemisphere.
Range from the tropics to beyond the Arctic Circle.
Four subfamilies based on the morphology of the cone, seed and leaf.

3. PINACEAE Four genera are found in N America: Pinus: pines
Larix: larches
Picea: spruces
Pseudotsuga: Douglas fir
Tsuga: hemlocks
Abies: firs

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FAMILY
HABIT: trees, seldom shrubs
LEAVES: deciduous or persistent; spirally arranged; solitary or in fascicles; needle-like or linear; with resin canals.
MALE CONES: solitary or in clusters; shed annually; ovoid, ellipsoid or cylindric.
FEMALE CONES: maturing in 1-3 seasons, shed or persistent; solitary or in cluster; scales overlapping; spirally arranged; thin or woody; with two inverted adaxial ovules.