1. The XMM-Newton long look of NGC 1365:
Measuring the size of the X-ray source
Guido Risaliti
INAF - Arcetri Observatory, Italy
&
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Collaborators:
M. Salvati, A. Baldi, S. Bianchi, V. Braito, M. Elvis, G. Fabbiano,
M. Guainazzi, G. Matt, G. Miniutti, R. Soria, A. Zezas
Granada - May 28, 2008

2. NGC 1365: The best laboratory to investigate the structure of obscured AGN
Hard X-ray observations:
ASCA (1995) ks
BeppoSAX (1997) ks
Chandra (Dec 2002) 15 ks
XMM 1 (Jan 2003) 17 ks
XMM 2 (Jan 2003) 10 ks
XMM 3 (Aug 2003) 15 ks
XMM 4 (Jan 2004) 60 ks
XMM 5 (Aug 2004) 60 ks
Chandra (Apr 06) 6x15 ks
XMM 6 (May 07) 4.5 days
Suzaku (Jan 08) days
Granada - May 28, 2008

3. NGC 1365: Summary of past spectral variability
Granada - May 28, 2008

4. Chandra campaign: 6 observations (15 ks) in 10 days
Granada - May 28, 2008

5. Complete occultation in < 2 days
Dimensions of the X-ray source:
D = V x T
If V ~ 104 km/s ----> D ~ 1014 cm
Black hole mass in NGC 1365:
Log MBH / Msun= 7.3 (0.3,0.3) from M-sigma corr (Ferrarese et al. 2005)
Log MBH / Msun= 7.86 (0.15,0.3) from M-LK corr (Marconi & Hunt 2003)
---> X-ray source within ~ 10 RG from the black hole
---> X-ray C-thick absorber at ~ a few 1015 cm from the BH
Granada - May 28, 2008

6. XMM-Newton 60 ks observation: Compton-thin spectrum
Fe XXV and XXVI Ka and Kb abs. lines
(Risaliti et al. 2005)
Relativistic iron emission line
(Risaliti et al. 2008, subm.)
Granada - May 28, 2008

7. NGC 1365: The best laboratory to investigate
the structure of obscured AGN
Several unique/extreme properties:
Extreme absorption variability: complete eclipses in < two days
--> X-ray source size, size and distance of the obscuring cloud
The highest S/N iron absorption lines detected so far
--> high ionization, high column density warm absorber
-Relativistic iron emission line:
--> one of the most convincing cases
XMM & Suzaku long looks
Is NGC 1365 peculiar/unique among AGNs ?
Possible models
Observations of other “extreme” sources
Granada - May 28, 2008

8. NGC 1365: long XMM-Newton observation
Three consecutive orbits (~125 ks each, ~30 ks gap)
May 30 - Jun 04, 2007
Granada - May 28, 2008

9. NGC 1365: long XMM observation
Granada - May 28, 2008

10. Constraints on the Cloud velocity
Fe line width
Limits on U
Granada - May 28, 2008

11. Constraints on the Cloud velocity
Limits on the Fe line width: s=0.02 (<0.045) keV
X-ray source: D= (<1013) cm
Limits on the ionization parameter: U < 30
X-ray source: D < m72/5 (U/30)1/5 cm
Distance: R > m71/5 (U/30)-2/5 cm
Transverse velocity V < 8600 m72/5 (U/30)1/5 km/s
Granada - May 28, 2008

12. NGC 1365: uniqueness Few bright sources
with 1023 < NH < 1024 cm-2
Few other known cases of
changing-look AGNs
Systematic analysis of
XMM-Newton catalog to
search for NH variations
within single observations
X-ray monitoring of changing
look sources:
UGC 4203 with Chandra
Granada - May 28, 2008

13. A new Chandra monitoring Campaign of UGC 4203
Granada - May 28, 2008

14. The XMM Long look
Granada - May 28, 2008

15. The XMM Long look: diffuse emission
Granada - May 28, 2008

16. The XMM Long look: diffuse emission
Guainazzi et al. 2008, in prep.
Granada - May 28, 2008

17. The XMM Long look: the ULX
Soria et al. 2007, & 2008 in prep.
Granada - May 28, 2008

18. The XMM Long look: a serendipitous BL Lac
BLLac, Siemiginowska et al. in prep.
Granada - May 28, 2008

19. The XMM Long look
Granada - May 28, 2008