1. Data Presentation and Visualisation 2: Tables
CONTRACTOR IS ACTING UNDER A FRAMEWORK CONTRACT CONCLUDED WITH THE COMMISSION

2. Road vehicles data – effective rounding exercise2

4. Table 4.14: Motor vehicles currently licensed: rows and columns interchanged
United Kingdom, 1961 to Thousands
Year
Type of vehicle
Motor-cycles,
Private cars
scooters,
Public
Goods
Agric.
Other
All
and vans
mopeds
transport
vehicles
tractors etc
1961
6,100
1,840 94
1,490
481
206
10,200
1966
9,700
1,430 96
1,610
478
260
13,600
1971
12,400
1,030
108
1,660
450
250
15,900
1976
14,400
1,240
115
1,800
414
300
18,200
1981
15,600
1,380
112
1,771
370
510
19,800
Source: Plain Figures

5. Table 4.15: Motor vehicles currently licensed: columns re-arranged in decreasing order of averages
United Kingdom, 1961 to Thousands
Year
Type of vehicle
Motor-cycles,
Private cars
Goods
scooters,
Agric.
Public
Other
All
and vans
vehicles
mopeds
tractors etc
transport
1961
6,100
1,490
1,840
481 94
206
10,200
1966
9,700
1,610
1,430
478 96
260
13,600
1971
12,400
1,660
1,030
450
108
250
15,900
1976
14,400
1,800
1,240
414
115
300
18,200
1981
15,600
1,771
1,380
370
112
510
19,800
Source: Plain Figures

6. Table 4.16: Motor vehicles currently licensed: column averages included
United Kingdom, 1961 to 1981 Thousands
Year
Type of vehicle
Motor-cycles, .
Private cars
Goods
scooters,
Agric
Public
Other
All
and vans
vehicles
mopeds
tractors etc
transport
1961
6,100
1,490
1,840
481 94
206
10,200
1966
9,700
1,610
1,430
478 96
260
13,600
1971
12,400
1,660
1,030
450
108
250
15,900
1976
14,400
1,800
1,240
414
115
300
18,200
1981
15,600
1,771
1,380
370
112
510
19,800
Average
11,600
1,670
1,390
440
105
15,500
Source: Plain Figures

7. Table 4.17: Motor vehicles currently licensed: simplified version of table
United Kingdom, 1961 to Thousands
Year
Type of vehicle
Motor-cycles,
Public transport,
Private cars
Goods
scooters,
agric. tractors,
All
and vans
vehicles
mopeds
others
1961
6,100
1,490
1,800
780
10,200
1966
9,700
1,610
1,400
830
13,600
1971
12,400
1,660
1,000
810
15,900
1976
14,400
1,200
820
18,200
1981
15,600
1,771
19,800
Average
11,600
1,670
1,390
850
15,500
Source: Plain Figures

8. Registered cars and vans
Minimal summary
Car and van numbers more than doubled;
Other vehicle numbers static.
Millions
Year
Registered cars and vans
Other vehicles
1961 6 4
1981 16

9. Understanding Data Know your audience Effective Digits
Use the minimum number of digits necessary 9

10. Understanding Data Know your audience Effective Digits
Use the minimum number of digits necessary
Arrange the numbers to ease interpretation 10

11. Totals of columns and rows23 16 42 30 + = 11

12. Quantification There are two aspects: What to present How to present
‘Extracting information from a table is like extracting sunlight from a cucumber’
(Farqhuar and Farqhuar, 1891)
There are two aspects:
What to present
How to present
For both, need to know audience 12

13. What to present: information that is ..
Clear
Concise
Correct
Consistent
Current (for websites) 13

14. How to present ... (or not) Population of part of Europe 1995 Country
Total population
France
Denmark
Germany
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
406589
Total 14

15. How to present ... (or not) Population of part of Europe 1995 Country
Total population
France
Denmark
Germany
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
406589
Total 15

16. How to present ... (or not) Population of part of Europe 1995 Country
Total population
France
58,020,376
Denmark
5,215,732
Germany
81,538,628
United Kingdom
58,491,643
Luxembourg
406,589
Total
203,672,968 16

17. Total population (Millions)
Or maybe…
Population of part of Europe 1995
Country
Total population (Millions)
Per cent of total
Germany
81.5
40.0
United Kingdom
58.5
28.7
France
58.0
28.5
Denmark
5.2
2.6
Luxembourg
0.4
0.2
Total
203.7
100.0 17

18. So, from this example .. Fewer digits, effective rounding
Easier to understand
Easier to remember
More information
Better information
Some value added 18

19. Number of unemployed by State (1971-74)

20. Unemployed: States ordered by 4-year average20

21. Poor examples of tables21

22. Number and proportion of registrations by region

24. Rounding; Comparison with previous year
Le Figaro, 21 August 2015, page 23
Rounding;
Comparison with
previous year 24

25. FT , page 3
Justification 25

26. Proportional typeface
FT Money
, page 13
Proportional typeface 26

27. Rounding; differential rounding; order of columns.
FT fm , page 10
Rounding; differential rounding; order of columns. 27

28. 1st column: Millions on line 1 only? Table: Proportional font?
Table ad_01: Passenger arrivals including EEA and Swiss nationals
Number of journeys
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Total (millions)
97.2
101.9
104.7
109.5
107.5
101.4
101.5
105.9
106.7
Non-EEA nationals
12.0
11.8
12.9
13.4
12.6
12.3
12.5
13.3
EEA Nationals of which:
85.2
90.1
91.9
96.1
95.0
89.1
89.0
92.6
93.8
- British Citizens
68.2
69.4
69.6
71.9
70.4
62.5
60.9
62.8
63.2
- Other EEA and Swiss Nationals
17.0
20.7
22.3
24.2
24.6
26.7
28.1
29.8
30.6
Immigration statistics, April to June 2013
1st column: Millions on line 1 only?
Table: Proportional font? 28

29. Admissions by purpose of journey – non-EEA nationals
Total admissions
Work
Study
Student visitors(1)
Family
Visitors
Other
2008
12.6 million
183,000
248,000
140,000
45,400
7.0 million
5.0 million
2009
12.3 million
161,000
291,000
198,000
36,600
6.9 million
4.8 million
2010
12.5 million
163,000
296,000
240,000
37,400
4.7 million
2011
13.3 million
149,000
267,000
262,000
32,300
7.9 million
2012
12.9 million
142,000
211,000
299,000
27,300
7.7 million
4.5 million
Change: latest year
-0.4 million
-6,160
-56,100
+37,100
-4,990
-0.2 million
Percentage change
-3%
-4%
-21%
+14%
-15%
Immigration statistics, April to June 2013
1st column: Left justification Repeat ‘million’ in cells
Proportional font
Percentage of percentage

30. Principles of Tables Round to two effective digits
Compare numbers in columns not rows
Lay table out to be read left to right and top to bottom
Totals to right and bottom of table 30

31. Principles of Tables cont.
Time running down or from left to right
Arrange columns and rows in natural or size order
Use layout to guide the eye
Make tables as simple as possible 31

32. Exercise 1: Unemployment data32

36. Unemployment exercise purposes
To show layout is important
To understand that comparisons can be assisted by design
To think through the media for outputs
possibly having different formats
To reinforce basic principles of looking at data 36