1. Handwriting Analysis, Forgery, and Counterfeiting Continued

2. Alterations, Erasures, and Obliterations
One of the most common ways to alter a document is to try to erase parts of it.
Erasure – the removal of writing, typewriting, or printing from a document, normally accomplished by either chemical means or an abrasive instrument.

3. Infrared Luminescence – a property exhibited by some dyes that emit infrared light when exposed to blue-green light.

4. Obliteration – blotting out or smearing over writing or printing to make the original unreadable.

5. Charred document – any document that has become darkened and brittle through exposure to fire or excessive heat.

6. Other Document Problems
Indented writings – impressions left on paper positioned under a piece of paper that has been written on.

7. An electrostatic detection apparatus (ESDA) works by applying an electrostatic charge to a document suspected of containing indented writings.