1. Unit 2: Tyranny & Revolution
Lesson 2.5: Ratification and the Bill of Rights

2. How did the political, economic, and social turning points of the Revolutionary Era shape American ideals of tyranny and revolution?
Essential Question

3. The Battle for Ratification
As soon as the Constitutional Convention ended, the delegates returned home to campaign for ratification.
As more learned about the new Constitution, the argument over its ratification began.
The Battle for Ratification

4. Federalists were those who supported the Constitution.
Believed power should be divided between federal government and state governments.
Supported by large landowners (property protection), merchants/artisans in big coastal cities (hit hard by trade issues prior), and farmers who shipped across state lines or water (regulation of taxes).

5. Famous leaders: John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton
Presented a convincing case for ratification in the 85 combined essays known as The Federalist Papers.
Published between
Explained how the new Constitution worked and why it was necessary.

6. Those opposed to the Constitution were known as the Anti-Federalists.
They weren’t against a federal government, but rather the idea of who would be supreme.
Supported by western farmers far from the coast, those suspicious of the wealthy and powerful.
Famous leaders were: John Hancock, Patrick Henry

7. Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Assessment Prompt 1

8. Ratification came quickly in Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, and Connecticut.
However, some states still had the fear that Constitution would infringe on not only state rights, but the individual liberties of the people.
Ratification

9. The Massachusetts Assembly met in January of 1788.
Governor John Hancock and Samuel Adams were opposed to the ratification of the Constitution.
Adams refused to support it unless the Federalists could guarantee the Constitution would never infringe on individual liberties.

10. The Federalists promised to attach a Bill of Rights once the Constitution was ratified.
Federalists agreed to support an amendment that would reserve all powers not stated specifically in the Constitution for the states (RESERVED POWERS).
These promises helped garner the ratification in Massachusetts and Virginia.

11. By July 1788, all but two states had ratified the new Constitution (Rhode Island and North Carolina).
Only nine out of thirteen states were needed to implement the Constitution as law.
North Carolina would ratify it after the Bill of Rights was added in Rhode Island waited until 1790.

12. https://www. youtube. com/watch
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13. In your groups, you will examine a copy of the Bill of Rights.
The Bill of Rights are the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Try to determine what the Bill of Rights is saying in layman's terms for the first ten amendments.
The Bill of Rights

14. 1. Protects civil liberties: speech, press, assembly, religion, and petitioning
2. Right to bear arms.
3. Quartering without consent was forbidden.
4. Protection from unreasonable search and seizure; warrants could only be issued with probable cause.
5. Due process of law.

15. 6. Right to a fair and speedy trial.
7. Right to trial by jury.
8. Protection from cruel and unusual punishment.
9. Powers reserved to the people.
10. Powers reserved to the state.

16. Why is the inclusion of the Bill of Rights so important to the United States Constitution?
How does this demonstrate a shift in American policy?
Assessment Prompt 2

17. Activity Bill of Rights Worksheet
Together with your group, examine the scenarios presented to you and determine whether or not they constitute a violation of one of the amendments in the Bill of Rights.
Be prepared to support your choice when called upon with evidence.
Activity