1. Farewell to Manzanar Opening Journal
Effects of a national crisis: How have the events of September 11th changed America and the way you view life in America?

2. Modern Crisis: September 11th , 2001 Listen to President George W
Modern Crisis: September 11th , 2001 Listen to President George W. Bush’s 9-11 Broadcast. Think about…
How does the President want his audience to view those who caused the events of September 11th?
How does the President want his audience to view America and its citizens?
How would you have reacted emotionally to hearing the news of the towers for the first time?

4. Film Clip Response: President George W. Bush’s 9-11 Broadcast
How does the President want his audience to view those who caused the events of September 11th?
How does the President want his audience to view America and its citizens?
How would you have reacted emotionally to hearing the news of the towers for the first time?

5. An Earlier Crisis: Pearl Harbor The events in Farewell to Manzanar were a response to this earlier national crisis
On December 7, 1941 American sailors at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, awoke to the sounds of screaming and sirens. Rushing to their posts, they saw a sky full of Japanese planes. By the end of the attack, 2,500 American lives were lost…This event led to the United States entering World War II on December 8th against Japan & Germany.

6. Pearl Harbor: Film Clip Modern depiction of attack with voice over at the end of FDR’s actual radio address to the nation announcing the attack. Think about…
Imagine you are an American citizen living on the mainland and hearing about this attack. How would you have felt about the Japanese? America? Your own safety?

8. Film Clip Response: Pearl Harbor
Imagine you are an American citizen living on the mainland and hearing about this attack. How would you have felt about the Japanese? America? Your own safety?

9. Internment Camps: Beginnings
After the Pearl Harbor bombing, many Americans viewed Japanese-Americans with suspicion and fear.
To quiet fears, President Roosevelt (FDR) issued Executive Order 9066 in 1942, which ordered the army to round up 120,000 Japanese-Americans living in America and place them in internment camps.
Internment Camp = large detention center created for political opponents, enemy aliens, members of specific ethnic or religious groups, or other groups of people, usually during a war.

10. Internment Camps: Who & How?
More than two-thirds of those interned under the Executive Order were citizens of the United States with no evidence of disloyalty. Half were children.
Forced to sell their homes, businesses, and personal possessions in a matter of days, the government ordered them to report to evacuation centers and then moved them to the internment camps.

11. The internment camps were inland away from the coasts because the U. S
The internment camps were inland away from the coasts because the U.S. government felt the Japanese living near the coasts would provide assistance to the mainland of Japan against America.
Camp we are reading about

12. Internment Camps: Conditions
Upon arrival to the camps, internees were led to army-style barracks constructed of tarpaper and wood.
The barracks were surrounded with fences and armed guards.

13. Internment Camps: Conditions
Rooms were sparsely furnished with multiple extended family members often living in one room.
The surrounding land chosen was often barren and dry making it difficult to farm.

14. Internment Camps: Conditions
Internees at some of the camps held frequent demonstrations and strikes, demanding their rights under the U.S. Constitution.

15. Internment Camps: Revisited
The last internment camp was closed in 1946.
It was not until 1988 that the federal government apologized for this violation. Congress paid $20,000 to each living Japanese-American who had been confined in the camps.
President George Bush’s letter of apology

16. Check for Understanding…
What was the purpose of Executive Order 9066? What year was it passed?
What state was the Manzanar internment camp located in?
T or F: If you were an American citizen, you did not have to go to the camps.
What year was the last internment camp closed?

17. Farewell to Manzanar The excerpt you are about to read…
Narrator = experienced Manzanar internment camp as a young Japanese-American girl
Wrote memoir many years after camp experience; Too painful to reminisce
Look for external & internal conflicts:
Surviving the physical hardships of internment
Culture clash: Japanese heritage vs. forced way of camp life