1. Life Without Outlines
Examining the Edge

2. The Value in Edges
-There are NO OUTLINES in nature… only EDGES created by changes in color and value.
*Always examine the edge between each value in a composition

3. Your goal: Draw objects to look so real that you could lift them out of the composition

4. The “Crisp” Factor
Edges between objects or objects and their backgrounds are crisp
The EDGE is where one value ends and another value begins

5. “How many outlines?”

6. “But Mrs. Williams, how do I replace outlines with edges????”

7. Tips for success Draw your contours LIGHTLY!
LOOK first to find the differences between the values.
Shade in from the edge
until the outline disappears

8. Outlines vs. Edges

9. The Difference between and edge and an outline….
An edge is the same value as the object
An outline is always darker than the object (or space)
Background vs. Silverware….crisp edges!

10. Background Factor
An interesting background has several different values.
This technique adds contrast to any composition which the creates unity.