1. What was the largest empire in the history of mankind?
Nope…not the Romans
Close..but not Alexander’s Greek Hellenistic Empire
Persians….nah
Not the Mughals…or the Ottomons…
No, Not the Aztecs…

2. Mongols

3. Review
List the places we have learned this year that have been invaded by the Mongols-

4. By total area: British Empire (1922), 33
By total area: British Empire (1922), 33.7 million square km spread all over the world
By contiguous (unbroken) area: Mongol Empire (ca 1300), 33.0 million sq. km
By% of world population: Persian Empire (ca. 480 BC), 44%
By % of world GDP: USA (1945) 33%

6. Nomadic herders & warriors

7. Skilled horsemen
Expert warriors on horseback
Stirrups-

8. Rival Mongol clans fought each other ____________________

9. Genghiz Khan
The chieftain that united all the Mongol clans

10. The Golden Horde
Forced conquered people to pay
TRIBUTE! ?

11. Walled cities
Mongols had a problem getting inside the walled cities of China
Incorporated canons in his arsenal

12. Territories
Mongols took northern China, Russia, and Muslim lands

13. Pax Mongolia What does PAX mean? Protected the road across Eurasia
Cultural diffusion

14. Kublai Khan
Genghiz Khan’s grandson
Took over the Song dynasty

15. Yuan Dynasty Mongol dynasty
Only allowed Mongols in the military and government

16. Marco Polo
Visits China during Kublai Khan’s rule

17. Ming Dynasty MING= BRILLIANT ZHU YUANZHANG
The Yuan Dynasty is overthrown by the Ming dynasty
Chinese dynasty
Restored the civil service test, and
Confucian Ideals
ZHU YUANZHANG

19. Zheng He 1405 62 large ships & hundreds of smaller ships
25,000 sailors
Prime directive: to promote trade and collect tribute

20. South East Asia
S.E. Asia
India
Red Sea
Persian
Gulf

21. Zheng He dies Ethnocentric? COST?? 1433 Ming outlaws sea-ship building
Why?
Ethnocentric?
COST??

22. Why?
High cost & little return
Ethnocentrism
WEAKENS CHINA !!!

23. 60 years later…..
Christopher Columbus sails from Spain
WHAT IF???