1. July-December 1294 Papacy of Celestine V
Charles II of Anjou
Papacy of Boniface VIII
(Benedict Gaetani)

2. 1295 Philip IV of France (r. 1285-1314) and
Edward I of England (r ) seeking
to tax clergy
1296 Boniface issues Clericis Laicos
1297 Boniface bows to Philip’s threats
1301 Philip moving against French bishop
1302 Boniface re-asserts Clericis Laicos, issues
Unam Sanctam

3. 1303 Boniface excommunicates Philip
Sept 7th 1303 Boniface captured at Anagni,
rescued but dies soon after
Papacy of Benedict XI
Papacy of Clement V Avignon

4. 1309-77 Seven popes at Avignon
1314 Disputed election in Germany
Papacy of John XXII
1317 John declares imperial throne vacant

5. 1328 Louis of Bavaria temporarily occupies
Rome
1338 Prince-electors of Germany reject
papal authority
1347 End of reign of Louis
1323 John declares doctrine that Christ and
apostles never owned anything to be
heretical
William of Ockham (c )

6. Papal Bureaucracy:
Pope and cardinals
Four departments:
1. Roman Rota: judicial work
2. Chancery: correspondence
3. Papal Penitentiary: dispensations/
pardons
4. Papal Chamber: finance

7. Supporting papal finances:
Sale of indulgences, incl. plenary
indulgences, for avoidance of
Purgatory
System of Papal Provisions

8. 1377 Papacy returns to Rome
1378 Death of Gregory XI (p ).
Election of Urban VI (p )
on April 8th
Aug 2nd 1378 Cardinals issue call from
Anagni for resignation of pope
Sept 20th Cardinals elect Clement VII
(p ), who returns to Avignon.
Start of Great Schism

9. 1409 General council meets at Pisa, deposes
both popes, elects Alexander V (p
1410). However, other popes refuse to
be deposed
1414 Sigismund, King of Germany (r
37) forces (Pisan) Pope John XXIII
(p ) to summon Council of
Constance

10. Conciliarists
Council of Constance deposes all
three popes, elects Martin V (p )
Haec Sancta Frequens
1423 General council at Siena

11. July 1431 Start of Council of Basle
Dec 1431 Eugenius IV (p ) attempts
to dissolve council
1432 Council re-asserts supremacy over pope
1434 Eugenius forced to give in Hussites
1435 Council effectively abolishes pope’s
powers

12. 1438-39 Council of Ferrara/Florence
re-affirms powers of pope
1439 Council of Basle elects anti-pope,
Felix V (p )
1449 Abdication of Felix V and defeat of
conciliar movement