1. Tactical / Investigative Analysis of Targeted Crimes
Results of the First Invitational Advanced Crime Mapping Topics Symposium, Denver, June 2001
Presented & Authored By:
Lieutenant Michael Ronczkowski – Miami-Dade Police Department, Miami, Florida
Crime Analyst Julie Cooper – Irvine Police Department,
Irvine, California
Tactical Crime Analyst Eric Nelson – Tempe Police Department,
Tempe, Arizona

2. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
Workshop Overview
Introductions
“Advanced Crime Mapping Topics” Publication – April 2002
Defining Tactical/Investigative Analysis & Targeted Crimes
Data Collection & Processing
At What Point Should We Start Analyzing Spatially, and How to Ensure Follow-through
The “Loop Effect”
Case Studies
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

4. Tactical / Investigative Crime Analysis Process Defined
A continual operational support process involving the review and analysis of current and historical crime data. Done in conjunction with applicable supplementary data from multiple ancillary sources for the purpose of identifying recent, immediate and/or specific ongoing crime trends, patterns, series and hotspots. As well as locating suspicious persons, developing investigative leads, and assisting operational personnel with crime prevention, case clearance, and successful prosecutorial support.
REAL-TIME IN LAW ENFORCEMENT NOT THE SAME AS A LIVE-LINK
DATA/INFORMATION USED MUST HAVE VALIDITY, THUS, MUST HAVE BEEN THROUGH SOME LEVEL OF REVIEW
DISCOUNT CRIMES (ROBBERIES) THAT REALLY CAN’T PREVENT, E.G., DOMESTIC, SHOPLIFTER, AND HIR FROM DEPLOYMENT STRATEGIES
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

5. What is Real-Time Analysis?
The gathering and analyzing of crime information / intelligence in a timely manner (within 24 – 72 hours) to be used for operational and investigative deployment strategies.
REAL-TIME IN LAW ENFORCEMENT NOT THE SAME AS A LIVE-LINK
DATA/INFORMATION USED MUST HAVE VALIDITY, THUS, MUST HAVE BEEN THROUGH SOME LEVEL OF REVIEW
DISCOUNT CRIMES (ROBBERIES) THAT REALLY CAN’T PREVENT, E.G., DOMESTIC, SHOPLIFTER, AND HIR FROM DEPLOYMENT STRATEGIES
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

6. Weekly Tactical / Compstat Map Examples

7. Weekly Tactical/Compstat Map
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8. Weekly Tactical/Compstat Map
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9. Weekly Tactical/Compstat Map
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10. Weekly Tactical/Compstat Map
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11. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
Tactical Surveillance Map
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
Microsoft Map Point 2002

12. Trend Flyer Information for Tactical Deployment

13. What are Targeted Crimes?
Homicide
Forcible Sex Offenses
Robbery
Aggravated Assault
Burglary
Auto Theft
Grand Theft / Larceny
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14. Goals of Tactical / Investigative Analysis
Deterrence
Interception
Subject Identification / Arrest of Offender
Target Hardening
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15. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
NBC News – Example of Tactical & Investigative Analysis Driven Enforcement
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16. Data Collection Process and Quality of Data
Who is doing the updating and based on what?
Multiple Points of Entry
Multiple Databases
Data Accessibility
Data Integrity
Data Validity
Timeliness
KNOW YOUR DATA!
Foundation of “One Stop Shop”
Immediate access as you develop leads
Public records databases, e.g., AutoTrak
Everything listed here are tools in your analytical resource toolbox
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

17. Data Variables & Resources
Self & Review of Police Reports
Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD) & RMS
Crime Analysis System
Off the Shelf 3rd Party Software (ATAC, SPSS)
Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR)
Geographical Information System (GIS)
Arrest Systems
Reporting Software, e.g., Cognos, Crystal Reports
Autotrak / Public Records
Pawn Shops
Field Interview Cards
School Systems
Adjacent Jurisdictions
Water & Sewer
Department of Corrections & County Jail Records
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

18. Other Resources & Variables to Consider
Demographics
Census
Economical & Sociological
Land Use / Zoning
Schools, Park Districts, Public Housing
Weather
Aviation Department, Zoning, ITD’s
Population
Daytime vs. Evening & Business vs. Residential
Foundation of “One Stop Shop”
Immediate access as you develop leads
Public records databases, e.g., AutoTrak
Everything listed here are tools in your analytical resource toolbox
12/4/2018
6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

19. Crime analysis factors examined to isolate a trend
Individual crime
Modus Operandi
Geographical/spatial reference
Day/date
Time/tempo
Subject description and behavior
Victim Analysis
Target selection
Other related crimes
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

20. Tactical / Investigative Analysis
Macro – Micro – Macro
Continuum
Broad-based, Narrowing Criteria, Reevaluate Variables
Spatial
Analysis
Temporal, Victim,
Subject, Tempo
Pattern & Trend
Identification
Analytical
Reports
CAD & RMS
Other
FI & Pawn
Historical
GIS
Jail
Transform, and Load
Extract, Transport,
Tactical / Investigative Analysis
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21. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
Systematic Approach to Identifying and Analyzing a Crime Series, Pattern, or Trend
The “Loop Effect”
When do I begin my Spatial Analysis??
Other Variables to Consider
Ensuring Continuous Follow-through and Follow-up
Reconciling Data & Updating Cases
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

22. Initiating the “Loop Effect”

23. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO1
Case Initiation
911 Calls / BOLOs
County & Municipal
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24. Police Reports, and Discussion with Officer & Investigator2
Review & Analysis of
Police Reports, and Discussion with Officer & Investigator
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25. 5 W’s & Real-Time Analysis: Use / Query of Databases & Resources3
5 W’s & Real-Time Analysis: Use / Query of Databases & Resources
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26. Pattern / Trend / Series Identification & Documentation4
Pattern / Trend / Series Identification & Documentation
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

27. Other Resources & Variables to Consider
Demographics
Census
Economical & Sociological
Land Use / Zoning
Schools, Park Districts, Public Housing
Weather
Aviation Department, Zoning, ITD’s
Population
Daytime vs. Evening & Business vs. Residential
Foundation of “One Stop Shop”
Immediate access as you develop leads
Public records databases, e.g., AutoTrak
Everything listed here are tools in your analytical resource toolbox
12/4/2018
6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

28. Crime analysis factors examined to isolate a trend
Individual crime
Modus Operandi
Geographical/spatial reference
Day/date
Time/tempo
Subject description and behavior
Victim Analysis
Target selection
Other related crimes
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6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO

29. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO5
Enhanced Analysis: Spatial, Temporal, Tempo, Target, Victim, Offender & MO
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30. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
Target / Investigative Awareness via Dissemination (Bulletins, Flyers, Maps)
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31. Continued Case Support, Updates & Continual Monitoring7
Continued Case Support, Updates & Continual Monitoring
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32. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
EVALUATION
Evaluation is the tool that is often overlooked.
Through the use of an evaluation step analysts will be to monitor productivity, utility, and continual learning.
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33. State & Federal Prosecutorial Support - Enhanced Sentences8
State & Federal Prosecutorial
Support - Enhanced Sentences
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34. Inmate Release Notification & Monitoring (Probation & Parole)9
Inmate Release Notification & Monitoring (Probation & Parole)
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35. * The KEY to the process is that it remains CONTINUOUS!
Enhanced Analysis: Spatial, Temporal, Tempo, Target, Victim, Offender & MO
Target / Investigative Awareness via Dissemination (Bulletins, Flyers, Maps)
Pattern / Trend / Series Identification & Documentation
Continued Case Support, Updates & Continual Monitoring
“LOOP EFFECT”
Real-Time Analysis
Coordinated Approach
Global awareness
Case Liaison
Reports & Bulletins
Meetings
Follow-through
5 W’s & Real-Time Analysis: Use / Query of Databases & Resources
State & Federal Prosecutorial
Support - Enhanced Sentences
Inmate Release Notification & Monitoring (Probation & Parole)
Review & Analysis of
Police Reports, and Discussion with Officer & Investigator
Case Initiation
911 Calls / BOLOs
County & Municipal
* The KEY to the process is that it remains CONTINUOUS!

36. Smash & Grab Commercial Burglary Pattern Panty Theft & Return
Case Studies
Smash & Grab Commercial Burglary Pattern
Panty Theft & Return

37. 6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO
“Smash & Grab Commercial Burglary Pattern” By: Tactical Crime Analyst Eric Nelson, Tempe Police Department
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38. Pattern Identified Using the “Trigger” Case – Step #3 of Loop Effect
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39. Enhanced – Spatial Analysis Step #5 of Loop Effect
Geographic Information Systems (MapInfo in example)
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40. Temporal Analysis Based on Pattern Identification
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41. Step #6 of Loop Effect Target / Investigative Awareness
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42. “Panty Theft and Return”
By: Crime Analyst Julie Cooper, Irvine Police Department
DR_NUM
DATE
TIME
DOW
CODE_SEC
ADDRESS
CIRCS
62300
1915
FRIDAY
487(a)
2 BERKELEY AVENUE
THEFT AND RETURN
62600
2200
SUNDAY
484/488
1 DURANZO AISE
THEFT ONLY, SUSP OWEN, DAVID
80500
1615
SATURDAY
400 STANFORD
102200
1330
187 DURANZO
ALL LAUNDRY, NO RETURN
102500
2113
WEDNESDAY
333 DRANZO AISE
THEFT ONLY
121700
1645
1 SAN LEON
THEFT AND RETURN 3X (RETURN AT 2200)
12401
2000
405 STANFORD
21101
2240
459
197 SAN LEON
22201
2058
THURSDAY
426 STANFORD
50101
1804
52200
2205
MONDAY
780 STANFORD
60601
338
625 SAN LEON
60801
2204
1284 TAFT
LAUNDRY ROOM 7, ARREST
61201
TUESDAY
506 STANFORD
61801
2400
3883 PARKVIEW LANE
WITNESS
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43. Pattern Identification
Geographic Information Systems (ArcView in example)
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44. Enhanced Spatial Analysis Utilization of the Animal Movement Script
Geographic Information Systems (ArcView in example)
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45. Addition of Known Sex Offenders
Geographic Information Systems (ArcView in example)
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46. Further Enhancements Using 68% Probability Grid
Geographic Information Systems (ArcView in example) & Bryan Hill’s Crime Analysis Extension
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47. Questions & Conclusion
A special thank you to:
NIJ Mapping & Analysis for Public Safety (aka: CMRC)
National Law Enforcement & Corrections Technology Center (NLECTC) – Southeast and Rocky Mountain Regions
Crime Mapping and Analysis Program (CMAP) - Denver
Contact Information:
Lieutenant Michael Ronczkowski
Miami-Dade Police Department
9105 NW 25 Street, Suite 2054, Miami, Florida 33172 ,
Crime Analyst Julie Cooper
Irvine Police Department
One Civic Center Plaza, Irvine, California ,
12/4/2018
6th Annual International CMRC, Denver, CO