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Control of the Cell Cycle
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Cyclins and the cell cycle
Cyclin was the name given to the protein that caused the spindle to form First found in frogs Injection of cyclin into a cell caused the cell to undergo mitosis Cyclin is not only for making the spindle
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Central role of cyclin Cyclins are known now to regulate the timing of the cell cycle Found in every eukaryotic cell (from yeast to human) that has been studied
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Many different cyclins are known
Regulate different parts of the cell cycle M phase cyclin controls the start of mitosis G1 phase cyclin control the end of the gap 1 phase S phase cyclin starts the synthesis phase G2 phase cyclin regulates the gap 2 phase
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Cyclin mechanisms Cyclin protein is built at a constant rate until it reaches a critical point Critical point initiates the next cyclin; previous cyclin is destroyed Example: when M phase cyclin reaches a critical point the cell divides; when the cell goes into mitosis all M phase cyclin is destroyed, daughter cells start over again with no cyclin
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Cancer Uncontrolled cell growth
Cancer is a defect in cell cycle regulation Cancer can be traced to defects in production and regulation of cyclins
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