1. Lesson 1
Early Foreign Policy

2. Is this photo black and white?

3. Look at for 30 seconds then go back to the previous slide

4. By the end of this week, everybody will be able to…
Link to the key themes:
How did relations with foreign powers change and how was the succession secured?
DESCRIBE Europe in 1845
EXPLAIN HVII’s early foreign policy ( )
EVALUATE how successful HVII’s early foreign policy was

5. Europe in 1485
You have been given a sheet, that explains the position of different European countries in 1485.
Work on your tables to ensure everyone has memorised this information! There is going to be a competition shortly…
Other ideas on how to memorise:
Divide the countries up and teach each other
Reformat the information
Grab a whiteboard and quiz each other
Highlight key information
Draw images to remember key information
DESCRIBE Europe in 1845

6. IRELAND SPAIN ITALY FRANCE BRITTANNY ENGLAND SCOTLAND BURGUNDY HRE
DESCRIBE Europe in 1845

7. HVII’s aims in Foreign Policy
PROBLEMS
HVII’s legal status as King was insecure. There were other claimants to the throne
HVII lacks money
Imagine you are HVII, write a short letter to your Court, explaining what your aims in foreign policy, based on these two problems
AIMS
Gain acceptance of his right to rule from other monarchs
Why this was important:
Rivals might seek shelter/assistance from other countries.
Recognition might give him more credibility
Put up problems, get them to
Do not intervene on the continent i.e. avoid costly and potentially dangerous foreign entanglements

8. ITALY IRELAND SPAIN FRANCE BRITTANNY SCOTLAND BURGUNDY HRE
Considering his foreign policy objectives, which countries would be most important for Henry?
ITALY
IRELAND
SPAIN
FRANCE
BRITTANNY
SCOTLAND
Move countries around into an order/shape i.e. some can be on the same line (Ask Alan how he did it with an earlier topic)
BURGUNDY
HRE
DESCRIBE Europe in 1845

9. Foreign Policy:
A government's strategy in dealing with other nations.
You are going to create a TripAdvisor page, which summarises and evaluates HVII’s early foreign policy.
You need to write a quick review of the policy HVII undertook for the relevant countries
Then you must rate the policy out of 5, based on how successful it was in meeting HVII’s aims in foreign policy.
Use pp.28-30
Include:
SPAIN: Treaty Medina del Campo (1489)
ENGLAND: Navigation Acts ( )
ENGLAND: An Act (1489)
ITALY: Florence/Venice (1490)
BURGUNDY: Intercursus Magnus (1496)
I will go over:
BRITTANY/FRANCE: Breton Crisis ( )
SCOTLAND: Truce of Ayton (1497)

10. Breton Crisis
France had plans to take over Brittany (expansionist f.policy)
Brittany had provided HVII hospitality whilst he was in exile
France gave Henry financial assistance in 1485 = compromised!
Hundreds of volunteers under Lord Scales sent into Brittany
HVII acted as a mediator between the two courts.
Breton’s refused to listen, so Henry disowned Scales
Brittany are defeated at the battle of St. Aubin du Cormier.
Duke of Brittany died - daughter (12) took over. France claim custody
Henry in awkward position (take over = France more powerful, invasion base, disrupt trade)
HVII: T.of.Medina del Campo and renewed a treaty with Maximillian
T.of.Redon 1489: Brittany pay the cost of 6000 men & HVII send them
Initial success at Dixmunde but…
Maximillian: unreliable (concerned with empire)
Spain: sent 2000 but recalled (Moors of Granada)
1491 Anne marries King Charles of France
France received the pretender Warbeck
HVII sent 26,000 men into Brittany
Treaty of Etaples 1492: Henry takes troops out of Brittany, and France stop supporting Warbeck and give HVII 745,000 crowns (50,000 pa)

11. Truce of Ayton 1497
Henry & James IV made a truce when HVII came to the throne
But… James IV took in Warbeck – invasion came to nothing
At the same time there was a rebellion in Cornwall
James IV = losing faith in Warbeck and did not take advantage
Truce of Ayton came into full force when Warbeck was executed
Such an agreement had not been reached since 1328
Treaty sealed by the marriage of James to Margaret (daughter)
But, Scotland did not abandon their ancient pact with France
This meant that peace depended on the continuation of good relations between England and France

12. How successful was HVII’s early foreign policy?
Total failure
Total success
How successful was HVII’s early foreign policy?

13. Security
To what extent were Henry’s relations with foreign powers determined by the need for international recognition and security.
International recognition
Trade
Avoiding foreign entanglement
Securing the dynasty

14. Resources

15. HVII’S EARLY FOREIGN POLICY (1485-1502)
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