1. Three Chinese Philosophies
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Three Chinese Philosophies

2. Confucianism Who was Confucius ?
Confucius lived from 551 to 479 B.C.E.
Confucius’s goal was to be peaceful and just society
Confucius wanted to teach men of good character and honesty
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3. What was China like during Confucius's life?
Confucianism
What was China like during Confucius's life?
Experienced disorder when lords fought for control.
Confucius’ state was invaded many times.
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4. Goal of Confucianism
The goal of Confucianism was a just and peaceful society.
How does one achieve this goal?

5. Confucianism
According to Confucius what were the five basic relationships and how should
those people act?
Ruler and subject
Husband and wife
Father and son
Older sibling and younger sibling
Friend and friend
All people must respect and listen to the person above them (respect your elders)

6. What influence did Confucius have on Chinese government?
Confucianism
What influence did Confucius have on Chinese government?
Civil servants under the Han were hired on the basis of their ability
The government was fair
The government had values like respect your elders, proper behavior, and love of scholarships.

7. Daoism Who was Laozi? Lived in late 500 bc
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Who was Laozi?
Lived in late 500 bc
He was the founder of Daoism
The author of Dao De Jing (The Classic of the Way and Its Power)
Worked as an advisor to the Zhou court for many years

8. According to Daoism how should people and rulers behave?
People should live in harmony and agreement and they would gain happiness
Rulers should let natural consequences happen
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9. Daoism What are yin and yang?
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Daoism
What are yin and yang?
Nature is full of opposites, like life and death or light and darkness. True harmony comes from balancing these opposite forces of nature.
Yin “shaded” is one half of the Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature; the opposite of yang
Yang “sunlit” is the other half of the Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature; the opposite of yin

10. Daoism What influence did Daoism have on Chinese government?
Encouraged rulers to rule less harshly.
Important influence on Chinese thought, writing, and art.

11. Legalism Who was Hanfeizi? Founder of Legalism
He lived from 280 to 233 B.C.E
He was the prince of royal family of the state of Han
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12. Legalism
According to Hanfeizi, what was the only way to create a strong society?
They should establish strict laws and enforce them with rewards for good behavior
They should have harsh punishment for bad behavior
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13. How did Hanfeizi believe a ruler should
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Legalism
How did Hanfeizi believe a ruler should
govern?
Hanfeizi said that Legalism was based in the ideas that people were naturally selfish, left to themselves, and always pursed there own interest
Hanfeizi belived that there should be strict rules and people should be punished severely if they don’t follow them

14. How was Legalism applied during the Qin dynasty?
The Qin dynasty seized control of China
They built a strong central system
Nobody could criticize the government
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