1. Volume 46, Issue 6, Pages 799-805 (December 2004)
Increased Expression of Connexin 43 in the Overactive Neurogenic Detrusor 
A. Haferkamp, J. Mundhenk, P.J. Bastian, A. Reitz, J. Dörsam, J. Pannek, S. Schumacher, B. Schurch, R. Büttner, S.C. Müller 
European Urology 
Volume 46, Issue 6, Pages (December 2004)
DOI: /j.eururo
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
(A) Positive control: Human heart muscle biopsy stained with the monoclonal anti human connexin 43 mouse antibody and counterstained with hemalaun. (B) Negative control: Human detrusor muscle biopsy section incubated with non-immune serum instead of the primary antibody and otherwise processed in the same way as all other sections. Counterstaining was done with hemalaun. In the negative control no unspecific staining occurred. (C) Human detrusor biopsy stained with the monoclonal anti human connexin 43 mouse antibody and counterstained with hemalaun: Cross section of detrusor with dense punktuate staining pattern virtually occupying the entire smooth muscle cell membrane. (D) Human detrusor biopsy stained with the monoclonal anti human connexin 43 mouse antibody and counterstained with hemalaun: Only very limited punctuate staining pattern.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Gel electrophoresis of the PCR products (amplicons): The PCR products were separated on GelStar® (BMA, Rockland, ME, USA) stained 3% agarose gels. Column A represents a commercially available DNA ladder with a range from 100bp (yellow arrow) to 1000bp, blue arrow represents 200bp. The columns B, C and D represent the PCR products from a patient with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Column B represents the PCR product of connexin 43, column D represents the PCR product of 18SrRNA. Column C demonstrates the negative control with no PCR products as expected. The starting point is marked with a red arrow. Specific PCR products by the light cycler could be verified for connexin 43 (97bp) and 18SrRNA (201bp).
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
The crossing points normalized to a housekeeping gene and relative to a calibrator (ΔΔCT) of every detrusor sample are presented in this scatter plot. The blue quadrangles represent the ΔΔCT of detrusor samples from group I, the pinc quadrangles from group II.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions