2. Eukaryotic cell cycle INTERPHASE G1 S (DNA synthesis) First gap phase
Fig. 8-5
Eukaryotic cell cycle
INTERPHASE G1 S
(DNA synthesis)
First gap phase
-growth
-normal cell activities
-DNA copies (replicates)
itself G2
Second gap phase
-growth
-cell prepares for mitosis
Cytokinesis
Mitosis
MITOTIC
PHASE (M)
Mitosis = division of the nucleus
Cytokinesis = division of the cytoplasm

3. Nucleic Acids 2 General types Large polymers
Made of linked nucleotides
Components of a nucleotide?
A nucleotide consists of a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
2 General types

5. DNA / RNA structure
DNA
RNA
Sugar
Nitrogenous bases
Shape

9. DNA is
anti-parallel
One strand is “flipped” in relation to the other

10. CELL CYCLE IN EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Fig. 8-5
CELL CYCLE IN EUKARYOTIC CELLS
INTERPHASE G1 S
(DNA synthesis)
First gap phase
-growth
-normal cell activities
-DNA copies (replicates)
itself G2
Second gap phase
-growth
-cell prepares for mitosis
Cytokinesis
Mitosis
MITOTIC
PHASE (M)
Mitosis = division of the nucleus
Cytokinesis = division of the cytoplasm

11. Semi-conservative replication
The new strand consists of one old DNA and one new DNA strand
Two strands separate
Nucleotides come and pair with their complementary base
DNA replication
Semi-conservative replication

12. DNA replication starts at an origin of replication (many in eukaryotes) forming replication bubbles

13. Enzymes involved in replication
Helicase  unwinds the double helix
DNA polymerase  builds the new DNA strand
DNA ligase “glues” DNA fragments together

18. What happens to a chromosome during the cell cycle
Fig. 8-4bc
What happens to a chromosome during the cell cycle
Sister chromatids
Chromosome is replicated/ sister chromatids (identical copies) attached at centromere
Sister
chromatids
Centromere
Replicated chromosome splits, each chromatid going to a separate cell