1. Bell Ringer (9/18)
Alex and Jordan disagree on which type of rubber ball bounces the highest. One is completely solid, one is completely hollow, and another is part solid, part hollow. How would Alex and Jordan go about designing an investigation to find out which ball bounces the highest?
*Answer on the White Board.

2. Bell Ringer (9/19)
From the Pendulum Lab investigation, why was it important to do multiple trials for each length of the pendulum?
*Answer on the White Board.

3. Scientific Investigations -“The Scientific Method” Page 12 in N.B.

4. Essential Questions
*What steps do scientists follow when conducting an investigation?
*How do scientists ensure the validity of their conclusions when performing an experiment?

5. 1 – Identify a Question or Problem
*How can we make cell phone batteries last longer?
*How much damage would occur if a large asteroid landed in downtown Orange Park?

6. 1 – Identify a Question or Problem
*Does the length of a pendulum affect the rate that a pendulum swings?

7. 2 – Make a Hypothesis
*what you predict the results of your investigation will be
**research to find out all you can about the subject you are investigating

8. *"If ______________________________________, then ______________________________________, because __________________________________."
If the length of a pendulum is increased, then the rate of the pendulum will decrease, because the longer it is the more distance it has to travel.
Or….. If the length of a pendulum is increased, then the rate of the pendulum will increase, because it will have more distance to build up speed.

10. 3 – List all the materials used in the investigation
*include amounts, types, etc.
- String (60 cm) Paper Clip
Metal Washer Metric ruler
Timer

11. 4 - Procedures
*list everything (in order) that is done in the investigation
**don’t leave anything out
**write it exactly as you did it

12. Bell Ringer (9/20) Time (in seconds) Distance Car A Car B Car C
Marcus wanted to know which type of toy car would move the fastest. He went to the store and bought 3 different types of toy cars. He predicted that Car C would be the fastest. He built a ramp to let the cars run down on. He timed each of the cars traveling an equal distance down the ramp. His data is shown in the following data table:
Time (in seconds)
Distance
Car A
Car B
Car C
4 meters
4.0
3.8
4.2
Which of the following is the independent variable in this investigation?
a) the time the cars traveled * Write your answer on the
b) the type of cars white board and defend
c) the distance the cars traveled your answer
d) the ramp the cars traveled on

13. Essential Questions
*What steps do scientists follow when conducting an investigation?
*How do scientists ensure the validity of their conclusions when performing an experiment?

14. Include the variables in the investigation.
*Independent (Test) Variable: The factor in the investigation that is changed.
**There is only ONE independent variable in an investigation
*Increase the length of the pendulum

15. *Dependent (Outcome) Variable: What changes in the investigation because the independent variable was changed. (The results)
*This is what is observed and measured in the investigation.

16. *Dependent (Outcome) Variable: What changes in the investigation because the independent variable was changed. (The results)
*There is only ONE dependent variable in an investigation.
*The rate (number of times) the pendulum swings

17. *Controlled Variable: The factors in the investigation that are never changed.
The amount of time (15 seconds) you let the pendulum swing.
The starting point you held the pendulum before letting go.
The mass of the pendulum
The type of string

18. 5 – Record the data from your observations into a data table
Rate (Number of Swings)
Length of pendulum
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Average
30 cm 25 26
25.7 (26)
40 cm 22 21
21.7 (22)
50 cm 19 20
19.3 (19)

19. 6 – Analyze and explain the data (results)
*write a brief summary of the results of the investigation
The data shows that as the length of the pendulum was increased, the rate of the pendulum swinging decreased.

20. 7 - Conclusion
*A summary of the investigation
a - what was the question/problem
b - what was the hypothesis
c - what were the results
d - were there any challenges faced
e - what could be done differently

21. Conclusion: The purpose of this investigation was to see if the length of a pendulum had any affect on the rate it would swing. My (our) hypothesis was ………. because ……….. The results showed that the rate of the pendulum decreased as the length of it was increased. Therefore, our hypothesis was correct / incorrect. One difficulty I (our team) faced was the pendulum knocking into obstructions around us. I (we) would make sure if conducting this investigation again, I (we) would do so in a clear area. I (we) could also change the mass of the pendulum to test if it would have any affect.

22. Bell Ringer (9/21)
If you conduct an experiment and the results are not what you predicted, was your experiment a failure?
**Defend your answer and write it on the white board.

23. Essential Questions
*What steps do scientists follow when conducting an investigation?
*How do scientists ensure the validity of their conclusions when performing an experiment?

24. Bell Ringer (9/22)
If the results of your experiment do not support your hypothesis, was your experiment a failure?
**Write it on the white board.

25. Essential Questions
*What steps do scientists follow when conducting an investigation?
*How do scientists ensure the validity of their conclusions when performing an experiment?

26. Repetition
*Conducting multiple trials in an experiment
**Why? To increase the consistency (or accuracy) of the data collected
**Conduct at least 3, more if possible

27. Replication
*repeating an experiment again exactly as before
**Why? To validate (make sure/prove) the accuracy of the results of the experiment

28. Quick Write: Explain what the following statement means to you:
Conclusion
Quick Write: Explain what the following statement means to you:
“Just because the result of your investigation did not support your hypothesis, it doesn’t mean your investigation was a failure!!!!