1. The Scientific Revolution

2. The Scientific Revolution
Invention of Scientific Method
New approach for developing & applying knowledge
Logical procedure for testing ideas
Procedure begins with a problem
Unproved assumption-hypothesis
Gather data - Test
Analyze and interpret data
- Conclusion and validate

3. Inductive method Use experience & observation to draw conclusions
Go from specific to general theories
Bacon said meaningful insight came from direct experience
Went against church view
(Plato & St. Augustine)- physical world served spiritual goals
Francis Bacon
1561

4. Deductive Method Use general theories and apply to specifics
Descartes - invented analytic geometry
Check all assumptions before concluding
Challenged church- denied church burial
Rene Descartes

5. Nicolaus Copernicus (b. 1473)
Previous thinking geocentric (earth-centered)
Ptolemy - earth center of universe
Copernicus defined heliocentric (sun centered)
Wrote Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies
First new view of the universe
Based on logic, not direct observation

6. Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) Danish Astronomer
Recorded movements of each planet
Tried to prove the old system right
Developed a chart of celestial positioning- mound of evidence
I really gotta go!

7. Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) Organized Brahe’s data
concluded orbits were elliptical
Proved heliocentric theory
Proposed 3 laws of planetary motion
Planets revolve in elliptical pattern
Planets move rapidly closer to the sun
Orbit time varies with distance to sun

8. Galileo ( )
Renaissance man - artist, physicist, astronomer businessman
Gave up medicine to study math
Discovered law of pendulum
Studies motion at Pisa
Falling objects accelerates at fixed and predictable rate
Theory of motion and inertia

9. Galileo Cont’d Found opera glasses and made telescope
Made $ by selling to navigators
As an artist, drew pictures of moon
Starry Messenger
Key that was eventually to unlock the riddle of the universe

10. Vesalius and Harvey Microscope, Thermometer, Barometer
Studied the human body
Drawings showed muscles, bones, organs
Heart is the pump to circulate blood
Microscope, Thermometer, Barometer