1. by Abhi , Danny, and Nathan
Chapter 4 Review
by Abhi , Danny, and Nathan
look at next slide for reference

2. What is a Habit?
Habit
A Habit is a repetitive act by a particular individual
It is something specific to one individual and is usually a small detail that recurs but only in that single individual
An example of a habit would be someone wearing the same shirt on every fifth day of the month.
jnkfashion.com
Abhi

3. What is a Taboo?
Taboo
A Taboo is a restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.
A taboo is something that is usually looked down upon in societies, and usually are due to religious reasons
An example of a Taboo is that Hindus don't eat beef because of the belief that god lives in the cow
Abhi
wwrecipes.com

4. What is a Custom?
Custom
A Custom is the frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it become characteristic of the group of people performing the act.
A custom a.k.a a tradition is usually done by a lot of people and has been done for a long time and is a practice
An example of a custom is in the Hindu religion you take your shoes off before entering the house it is to keep the dirt of the outside out
Abhi
sfu.ca

5. carriages instead of cars
What is Folk Culture?
Folk Culture
Folk Culture is culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.
To elaborate, folk culture is a classification of a culture. A culture is sorted into the folk culture classification when it:
is only practiced by a small group of people
is isolated from other cultures (not completely influenced by other cultures)
has not been diffused around the world
Folk culture also is more likely to be influenced by the environment. Their songs, customs, and taboos may be heavily influenced by the environment and are created to display their daily lives and rituals.
The Amish in America today serve as a good example of folk culture, they ban any use of technology unlike many others cultures. This causes them to be much more different than popular culture.
The Amish using horse
carriages instead of cars
Nathan Cao’s Slide
Image Source -

6. McDonald’s around the world
What is Pop Culture?
Pop Culture (or Popular Culture)
Popular Culture is culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.
As folk culture was one of the two classifications of culture, popular culture is the other classification. popular culture however this category has cultures that:
are practiced by large groups of people
has been diffused across the world (globalized across the world)
basically is the “mainstream” culture
The arts in pop culture is not made to resemble the environment, but is made specifically to make money for the artist.
Today, American culture is considered a pop culture because of its global dominance across the world. One example of American culture that is widespread is McDonalds.
McDonalds however, also displays the problem of how popular culture will overtake folk culture as McDonalds can be outselling other local restaurants causing them to not be able to share their local culture.
Nathan Cao’s Slide
McDonald’s around the world
Image Source -

7. How is Folk and Pop Culture Different?
Folk and Pop Culture Differences
The main difference between folk and pop culture is how diffused the culture is. Folk culture is not as widespread while pop culture could be across the entire world
Another difference that is found is that folk culture is found in rural, isolated areas while pop culture is found in urban areas with many people.
While folk culture is heavily influenced by environment, pop culture may ignore it and destroy it.
Folk culture’s art is based off the environment, while pop culture’s art is based off what artists make in order to gain money.
Folk Culture
Pop Culture
Distributed in a small region
Distributed in large regions that can be almost as big as the entire world
Found in rural environments
Found in urban environments
Heavily influenced by environments
Not as influenced by the environment, and can even destroy the environment
The arts is made to resemble the environment
The arts is made to gain money for the artists
Nathan Cao’s Slide
Image Source - I made the table using Google Presentation

8. San Francisco is the hearth of jeans
What is a Hearth?
Hearth
A Hearth is the region from which innovative ideas originate.
To give an idea of what “innovative ideas” means, they include a variety of things such as languages, foods, technologies, entire cultures, and etc. They do not have to specifically abstract or tangible, they can be either.
The next part of the definition tells us that a hearth is where the innovative idea originates, its origin or place of invention.
So, a hearth is the location/region where an abstract idea or tangible invention is created.
The place where jeans were invented, San Francisco, is an example of a hearth.
San Francisco
San Francisco is the hearth of jeans
Nathan Cao’s Slide
Image Source -

9. Popular Culture and Folk Cultures Relationship with Hearths
Popular Culture and Folk Culture Hearths
Elements of pop cultures usually have known specific hearth.
Elements of folk cultures hearths on the other hand are unknown.
For example, the origin of McDonald’s is known, which is Des Plaines, Illinois.
The origin of the Vietnamese song in the textbook however, is completely unknown and the only information that is given is that it has been published. ?
Vietnamese Song Hearth - Unknown
Nathan Cao’s Slide
McDonald’s Hearth - Known
Image Source - McDonalds; Vietnam Map;

10. What is Diffusion? Diffusion
Diffusion is the spreading of a feature or trend from one place to another over time.
Diffusion is simply the transportation of an abstract idea or tangible invention to other regions for the people there to experience new idea.
When an idea is transported to another area, that is diffusion, like how the British instilled their culture into their colonies across the world.
Display of Britain’s influence at the height of their power. (Britain’s colonies in dark red; America’s in light red)
Nathan Cao’s Slide
Image Source -

11. Popular Culture’s Relationship with Diffusion
Popular Culture Diffusion
Popular culture diffusion consists of hierarchical diffusion. This type of diffusion is when an idea is spread to specific important regions, and from their spread to other regions like so:
The idea travels to the more important city first
The idea then goes to other lesser important cities
The idea then travels to less important cities
Nathan Cao’s Slide
Images Sources -
Thank You Mr. Clark

12. Folk Cultures Relationship with Diffusion
Folk Culture Diffusion
Folk Culture diffuses through Relocation Diffusion.
Relocation Diffusion is when the idea migrates with a person and is spread from that person or item migrating to others like so:
Nathan Cao’s Slide
The people start out together
People then migrate to other regions bringing the idea with them
Images Sources -
Thank You Mr. Clark

13. What is a Franchise? Franchise
A Franchise is a company’s agreement with businesspeople in a local area to market a company’s products.
Franchises are typically buildings that a company sells their products in. They make the world more uniform because they are all the same.
Examples of this include fast food restaurants, shopping centers, and others.
A Starbucks Coffee franchise in China vs one in the United States
daxueconsulting.com
theepochtimes.com

14. What is the most important housing style in the United States since the 1960s?
The most important housing style in the United States since the 1960s is neo-eclectic.
Neo-Eclectic is a type of housing style that has many forms and variations and has been popular since the 1960s. It is important because
the style became popular through diffusion.
Examples of Neo-Eclectic house styles include
mansard, neo-french, neo-colonial, and many more
en.wikipedia.org