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Jean Jacques Rousseau To renounce liberty is to renounce being a man, to surrender the rights of humanity and even its duties. Man is born free, but everywhere.

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Presentation on theme: "Jean Jacques Rousseau To renounce liberty is to renounce being a man, to surrender the rights of humanity and even its duties. Man is born free, but everywhere."— Presentation transcript:

1 Jean Jacques Rousseau To renounce liberty is to renounce being a man, to surrender the rights of humanity and even its duties. Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains. The strongest is never strong enough to be always the master, unless he transforms strength into right…

2 Make sure your name is on it!
Turn in Vocab Quiz Make sure your name is on it!

3 Voltaire Every man is guilty of all the good he didn't do. If God did not exist, it would be necessary to invent him. It is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong. Judge of a man by his questions rather than by his answers.

4 “Inferiors revolt in order that they may be equal and equals that they may be superior. Such is the state of mind with creates revolutions.” ARISTOTLE, 4TH CENTURY BC

5 “A revolution is a force against which no power, divine or human, can prevail…A revolution cannot be crushed, cannot be deceived, cannot be perverted, all the more cannot be conquered…” PIERRE JOSEPH PROUDHON

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7 The 3rd Estate Awakens

8 Revolution Brings Reform and Terror
Ch. 7, Section 2

9 National Assembly Reforms France
Adopt the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen” Reflects Declaration of Independence Men are free & equal Guarantees: Equal justice Freedom of Speech Freedom of Religion Slogan is “Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity” Doesn’t apply to women

10 Government Controls the Church
National Assembly seizes Church lands Priests will be elected and paid as government officials Good  Need the Church’s money to pay off debts Bad  Priests become politicians; National Assembly loses peasant support

11 Divisions Develop A Limited Monarchy Factions Split France
Sept. 1791: Nat’l Assembly finishes new constitution Legislative Assembly—new body created to pass laws King still has executive power to enforce laws Factions Split France

12 Factions Split France Major problems including debt, food shortages
L. Assembly literally split into Radicals, Moderates, Conservatives (Left, Middle, Right)

13 Sans-culottes vs. Emigres

14 Jacobins Take Control The Jacobin Club = radical political organization Jean-Paul Marat Jacobin Leader Editor of the Friend of the People newspaper Wanted death to all who supported the king

15 Louis Tries to Escape

16 War and Execution Austrians & Prussians want Louis in charge of France
Prussia threatens to attack Paris, so France declares war Parisian mob jails royal family, kills guards September Massacres Mob breaks into prisons, killing over 1,000 Legislative Assembly deposes the king and dissolves National Convention takes office in September, forming French republic

17 The Trial and Execution of Louis XVI

18 The Question of the King
Since the L.A. deposed the king Louis is now a common citizen, traitor Should they just kill him or hold trial? Have trial to show the world France is fair and just

19 Exile or Execute? And the Verdict is…..
Found guilty of treason by vote of 683 to 39 Now what? Exile or Execute? 387 for Death, 334 for Exile

20 The Guillotine Designed by Dr. Joseph Guillotin
Took less than ½ second Some say takes 30 seconds to lose consciousness Stories of blinking eyelids, moving eyes, movement of the mouth 15,000 killed during French Revolution 40,000 killed under Hitler Last used in 1977 The blade cuts quickly enough that there is little impact on the brain case, and less immediate unconsciousness than with a more violent decapitation, or long-drop hanging. even an expression of "unequivocal indignation" on the face of the decapitated Charlotte Corday when her cheek was slapped.

21 Execution of Louis XVI January 1793
Louis’s Last Words: ‘I die innocent, but pardon…..’ head removed. Crowd rejoiced “Long Live the Republic!” 38 years old Buried in an unmarked grave

22 Execution of Marie Antoinette

23 Marie Antoinette being led to the guillotine

24 Louis XVII did not….

25 And the children…. Marie Therese Charlotte survived the Revolution…

26 Madame Tussauds

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29 Jack & Jill Went Up the Hill
Jack and Jill went up the hill To fetch a pail of water Jack fell down and broke his crown And Jill came tumbling after.

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