1. T2 – Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic T3 – Kingdom Characteristics
Biology 11
October 2013

2. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Cell Type
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Unicellular or Multicellular
Membrane Bound Nucleus
Cell Wall
Size
Examples

3. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Cell Type
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Absent
Present
Unicellular or Multicellular
Usually unicellular
Usually multicellular
Membrane Bound Nucleus
Cell Wall
Present in plant cells and fungi only
Size
1-10 micrometers
micrometers
Examples
Bacteria
Plants and Animals

4. 5 Kingdom Classification

5. Kingdom Monera Unicellular Prokaryotic
may be photosynthetic, chemosynthetic, or feed by absorption.

6. Bactreia are common monerans

7. Kingdom Protista Most are unicellular Eukaryotic
may be photosynthetic, may feed by absorption, or may ingest food.

8. Protists

9. Kingdom Fungi Most multicellular although some are unicellular.
Eukaryotic cell structure
Cell Wall Present
Absorptive Heterotrophs
Non Motile

10. Fungi

11. Kindom Plantae
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
Photosynthetic
Non Motile

12. Plants

13. Kingdom Animalia Multicellular Eukaryotic Ingestive Heterotrophs
Motile
Nervous system present

14. Animals

15. Classification Categories
Within any Kingdom there are many levels of classification.

16. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

17. Within any kingdom there are many phylum
Within any phylum there are several classes
Within any Class there are several Orders
Within any order there are several Families
Within any Family there are several Genus
Within a Genus there may be many species

19. Species Concept
Species- a population of organisms that share characteristics and can breed with one another to produce viable offspring (offspring can continue to have their own offspring)
Eg. A maple tree and a cow could not interbreed = different species
A collie and a husky dog could have offspring = same species

20. Humans Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates
Family Hominidae
Genus Homo
Species Sapien

21. Domestic Dog Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia
Order Carnivora
Family Canidae
Genus Canis
Species familaris

22. Naming Organisms
In addition to classifying organisms, taxonomists also name each type of living organism.
Naming is also called Nomenclature

23. Binomial Nomenclature
“Two names”
Taxonomists name organisms by stating the organisms genus followed by a given species name.

24. Binomial Nomenclature: Scientific name
Genus and species
Needs to be italicized or underlined
First letter of the genus name is capitalized
First letter of the species name is lowercase
Example:
Ocypode quadrata or Ocypode quadrata
Genus name can be used alone, but not species name

25. Examples Genus Species Common Homo sapien Human Canis familaris Dog
Cervus
elaphus
Elk
Odocoileus
hemionus
Mule Deer

26. Common names can cause confusion
StarFish - not a fish
Oreaster reticulatus (cushioned star)
What we may know as the green pepper is also referred to as a bell pepper, or sweet pepper.
Capsicum annuum

27. Common names also vary from language to language
Dog - perro - inu .

28. Benefit of Universal Naming
A universal system of naming allows us to avoid the confusion associated with common names, and tells us something about evolutionary relationships.