1. The Circulatory System

2. An Overview of the Circulatory System
Check out how the heart works on the Web!!
How the Heart Works

3. Where the Heart is located

4. Circulatory or Cardiovascular System
Circulatory System – Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to body cells and removing waste (Co2) from the cells.
Delivering
Removing

5. Parts of the Circulatory System
The Heart - is divided into FOUR Chambers

6. Two types of Arteries Arteries start with A takes blood away !!
Aorta – Largest blood vessel in the heart
Pulmonary Artery – Carries blood containing carbon dioxide from your heart to your lungs

7. Three Types of Veins Veins start with V brings blood back to me
1. Inferior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body.
2. Superior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body.
3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs to your heart.

8. The Four Valves of the Heart
Tricuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the right atrium before it enters the right ventricle.
Bicuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left atrium before it enters the left ventricle

9. The Four Valves of the Heart
Right Semi lunar Valve- Lets the right ventricle fill before releasing the blood into the pulmonary artery.
Left Semi lunar Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left ventricle before sending it to the aorta
Septum – Divides the heart in half

10. Three Kinds of Blood Vessels
Arteries – Carries blood away from the heart
Veins – Carries blood back to the heart
Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to veins (Smallest)

11. Parts of the Blood
Red Blood Cells – Made in bone marrow; carries oxygen, food, and rids body of CO2 and Waste
White Blood Cells – Help fight disease and infection by destroying bacteria and germs that enter the body. Made in the lymph nodes

12. Parts of the Blood
Platelets – Help blood to clot, to prevent excess bleeding.
Plasma – Water portion of the blood; 55% of blood is plasma

13. Four Types of Blood Type A: 42% Accepts A and O
Type B: 10% Accepts B and O
Type AB: 3% Accepts AB and O
Type O: 45% Universal Donor
RH Factor = is the + and – of the blood

14. How Blood Moves Through the Heart

15. How Blood Moves Through the Heart

16. Blood Pressure: (Hypertension)
Blood Disorders
Blood Pressure: (Hypertension)
The force or pressure developed by the heart, which acts to pump blood through the circulatory system.

17. Two Distinct pressures that are measured!!
Blood Pressure
Two Distinct pressures that are measured!!
Systolic: A measure of the maximum force or pressure developed in the arteries when the heart contracts
Diastolic: A measure of the lowest pressure, which occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation.

18. Blood Pressure
High Blood Pressure: Continuous elevation of blood pressure above the normal range.
Ex. 140/90

19. Blood Pressure
Sphygmomanometer: An instrument used to measure blood pressure.
Stethoscope: An instrument used to listen to the sounds of the heart, or listen to the flow of blood through the vessels when measuring the blood pressure.

20. Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis: Artery walls harden; caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol.
Causes:
Smoking
Diabetes
High Blood Pressure
High Cholesterol
Overweight

21. Arteriosclerosis Prevention: Treatment:
Reduce the amount of stress in your everyday life
Change diet to reduce the amount of sodium, fats and cholesterol.
Regular Medical checkups
Treatment:
Medication
Exercise

22. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Heart Attack: Stoppage in the flow of blood to the heart.
Prevention:
Reduce Stress
Change Diet to less intake of Sodium (Salt)
Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterol

23. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Anemia: Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen; may cause weakness and low energy levels.
Prevention:
Eat foods that are rich
in Iron
Treatment: Rest

24. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Sickle Cell Anemia: Your blood is unable to circulate properly.
There is no prevention for sickle-cell anemia since you are born with it.
Treatments:
Blood Transfusions
Medication
Normal Blood Cell
Sickle Cell

25. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Leukemia: Abnormal white blood cells
In time they may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

26. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Stroke: Happens when a cluster of blood cells blocks blood vessels in the brain.
Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack”

27. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Prevention:
Don’t Smoke
Get cholesterol checked
Exercise 30 minutes daily
Consume a low fat diet
Treatment:
Medication
Rehabilitation

28. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Hemophilia: Blood does not clot properly
Prevention:
No prevention, you are born a hemophiliac
Treatment:
Transfusions of blood clotting factors.

29. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System
Kidney Failure: The inability of kidneys to function, resulting in accumulation of fluid and waste products in the body.