1. BIOLOGY12
Meiosis Terminology

2. Karyotype the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus
length, position of centromeres, and banding

4. Maternal
from mother

5. Paternal
from father

6. Haploid number of chromosomes in a gamete
half the number of diploid cells
n (23 in humans)

7. Diploid twice the number of chromosomes in a gamete
every cell in the body, except sex cells, contain a diploid chromosome number
2n (46 in humans)

8. 23 pairs of chromosome
(one from mother and one from father)
2n = 2 x 23 = 46 (humans)

9. Homologous Chromosomes
chromosome pairs (one from mom, one from dad) that have the similar shape, size, and gene arrangement
each codes for the same gene, but could have different alleles (versions) (ie. eye colour: but one blue and one brown)
one in the pair is called a homologue

11. Tetrads a pair of homologous chromosomes after replication
both have two sister chromatids (4 in total)

12. Tetrad

14. Gametes sex cells that have a haploid chromosome number sperm cells
egg cells

15. Spermatogenesis
creation of sperm cells

16. Oogenesis
creation of an oocyte (egg cell)