1. The New “Isms”
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2. Terms—The New “Isms” Conservatism Edmund Burke
Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)
Liberalism
John Stuart Mill
On Liberty (1859)
Jeremy Bentham
Utilitarianism
Nationalism
Johan Herder
Georg Hegel

3. The New-Isms . . . but they overlap! Cultural: Romanticism Nationalism
Political:
Conservatism
Liberalism
Radicalism
Socialism
. . . but they overlap!

4. The New “Isms”
Political:
Conservatism
Liberalism
Nationalism

5. Conservatism
Rejected the Enlightenment view, based on reason, of progress and natural rights
Condemned most of the legacies of the French Revolution

6. Edmund Burke (1729 – 1797)

7. Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)
Predicted that the French Revolution would produce terror, chaos, dictatorship and all sorts of “crimes and follies”

8. The New “Isms”
Political:
Conservatism
Liberalism
Nationalism

9. Liberalism Aspired to carry out the promise of the Enlightenment
Separation of powers

10. John Stuart Mill (1806 – 1873)

11. On Liberty (1859)
Defense of social freedom

12. Jeremy Benthem (1748 – 1832)

13. Utilitarianism
Everyone who is human seeks out pleasure and avoids pain.
Act to derive the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.

14. The New “Isms”
Political:
Conservatism
Liberalism
Nationalism

15. Nationalism
Stressed the rights of collective groups of people known as nations
The dominant, most deadly of the new “isms”

16. Johann Gottfried Herder 1744-1803 Get past localism to create a national sentiment

17. Georg Hegel (1770 – 1831)