1. Have Out Arab-Israeli map with your name on it
Keep your video question sheet out once I hand it back

2. Chronology-Put the Following Events in Order
Six Day War
1st Arab-Israeli War
Holocaust
Camp David Accords
Balfour Declaration
Yom Kippur War
2nd Intafada
Oslo Peace Accords

3. Correct Order Balfour Declaration 1917 Holocaust 1933-1945
1st Arab-Israeli War 1948
Six Day War 1967
Yom Kippur War 1973
Camp David Accords 1978
Oslo Peace Accords 1993
2nd Intafada

4. Arab - Israeli Conflict
Key Questions:
Who is fighting?
Where are they fighting?
Why are they fighting?
Will there ever be peace?
Content:
Review key events contributing to the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Thinking Skills:
Assess information and draw conclusions

5. Background For centuries the Jews had been persecuted
Romans destroy temples
Diaspora
Anti-Semitism
Pogroms
Holocaust
Gave rise to the Zionist Movement
Wanted to set up an independent Jewish state

6. Background During the same time…
Ottoman Empire controlled the Arab people (Palestine)
Palestinian Arabs wanted independence

7. World War I McMahon-Hussein Correspondence (1915)
British promise independence of Arab states
After WWI…Victorious nations given areas to oversee
British Mandate of Palestine

8. World War I Balfour Declaration (1917)
letter from Great Britain that endorsed national Jewish state in Palestine
Jewish immigration increases --> Arabs protest

9. Holocaust Entire world feels guilt
United Nations Partition Plan (1947)
Offers to create a Jewish and Arab state in Palestine
1.2 million Arabs vs. 600,000 Jews
Jews accept (55% of land) - Arabs decline (45% of land)
No Arabs on the committee
Creation of Israel (David Ben-Gurion)
What is the effect on the Palestinian Arabs?

10. Claims to Land Ancestors lived in area nearly 2000 years ago
Israelis
Palestinians
Ancestors lived in area nearly 2000 years ago
Jerusalem home to most important Jewish site—Western Wall
Holocaust
Ancestors have been living in area nearly 2000 years
Jerusalem home to 3rd most important Muslim site-Dome of the Rock/Al-Aqsa Mosque
Recent homeland

11. Israeli War for Independence (1948)
Israel attacked by Arab nations
Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon
Israel wins war --> annex more territory
More Jews come to Israel (refugees)
More Palestinian Arabs look for refuge (500,000)
Set up camps
What were the conditions like in these camps?
Why didn’t they move on?

12. Palestinian refugees
This picture, dated 1948, shows a Palestinian refugee and her child separated from their home by the "green line" after the 1948 war. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians were displaced because of the war and the creation of Israel. One of the most contentious issues in the ongoing Arab-Israeli crisis is the "right of return," the demand by Palestinians to return to land seized in 1948.
Why is the refugee problem so important to the conflict?

13. Perspectives on Partition and 1948 War
Israeli
Palestinian
Creates state of Israel
War of Independence
Holocaust and other periods of violence against Jews throughout the past centuries might not have happened if there was a Jewish Homeland
They had no input
Nabka: “Catastrophe”
Land set aside for Palestinians now under control of Arab countries or Israel

14. 1956 Suez Canal Crisis (2nd Arab-Israeli War)
Egypt nationalizes the Suez Canal in 1956 and closed the Straits of Tiran to Israel, which blocked Israeli access to the Red Sea.
Israel attacks Egypt with later reinforcements from France and the United Kingdom
Ceasefire agreement and withdrawal of Israeli troops
United Nations Peacekeepers sent to maintain peace in the area

15. Six Day War (1967)
Rapid Israeli attack devastates Arab armies (Egypt, Syria, and Jordan)
Israel wins -->
Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, West Bank

16. Map after 1967 War Israel gains the following territory after the war
Sinai Peninsula / Gaza Strip (from Egypt)
Golan Heights (from Syria)
West Bank (from Jordan)

17. Palestine Liberation Organization (1964)
Palestinian Arabs key to peace
Refugee camps
Wanted self rule
PLO use terrorism to get self rule / destroy Israel
1969 Yasser Arafat becomes leader
Israel forced to respond

18. UN Resolution 242 (1967)
UN condemns Israel for taking Arab territory and asks for Israel to return it
Israel refuses…cites security concerns
“Land for Peace”
Basis for future peace talks

19. Munich Olympics 1972
Eleven Israeli athletes murdered at Olympics by Palestinian gunmen
World is outraged by killings

20. Yom Kippur War (1973) Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack
Israel’s government, led by Golda Meir, was not fully prepared
Attained U.S. support
Cease-fire
*During war-Arab members of OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) declared an oil embargo to countries supporting Israel

21. Camp David Accords (1978)
Egyptian President Sadat, Israel Prime Minister Begin, and US President Carter negotiated a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in 1979
Return Sinai to Egypt
Egypt recognized Israel

24. Sadat Assassination

25. Perspectives on Camp David Accords
Israeli
Palestinian
Shows that the country is willing to trade land it has conquered for peace
Egypt recognizes that Israel is a country and exists.
Sadat assassinated in 1981 by Muslim extremists
Jordan signs peace agreement with Israel in 1994.

26. Lebanon 1978 & 1982 Israel invades in an effort to stop PLO attacks
Expels PLO

27. Conflict Israel surrounded by hostiles West Bank / Gaza Strip
Long history of conflict
West Bank / Gaza Strip
Jewish settlements created
1.7 Million Palestinians live under Israeli control
No power / no voice

28. Occupied Territories and settlements: Gaza Strip, West Bank, Golan Heights

29. Current Issue: Settlements
Israeli
Palestinian
For religious, political, and security reasons a large number Israeli settlements exist in the West Bank and East Jerusalem.
270,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank
Israeli settlements go against the idea of a future Palestinian state.

30. Palestinian Intifada
-In 1987 Palestinians begin to violently protest Israeli rule over the West Bank
-Some Palestinians follow the PLO under Yassir Arafat
-Some Palestinians follow Islamic organization…Hammas.
How are they different?

31. 1993 Oslo Peace Accord Recognize each other
Israel agrees to PLO self-rule, regain control over some lost territories
PLO agrees to stop terrorism
Rabin and Arafat win Nobel Peace Prize

32. Rabin Assassination Right wing Israeli activist assassinate Rabin.
Significance?

33. Since 2000 2000-a second Intifada From 2000-June 2008
-Over 4500 Palestinians killed
-Over 1000 Israelis killed
Operation Defensive Shield
2004-Yasser Arafat died-Mahmoud Abbas takes over
Israeli P.M. Ariel Sharon decided that Israel would withdraw from Gaza and parts of West Bank (2005)
Hamas wins control of Palestinian Parliament 2006
Border issues and air strikes followed
Attacks on Israel have increased since 2010 as Hamas tries to disrupt peace talks

34. The Continuing Arab-Israeli Conflict
Why is a resolution so difficult?
In your groups of 4: Review main themes of the current issues involved in the Arab-Israeli Conflict
2 from Palestinian Authority perspective
2 from Israeli perspective
Present: The argument from your side to the group. What are the main goals of your perspective
Debate: What should happen?

36. Reflect… How do you think the conflict should be resolved?
What prevents a resolution?