1. Performance Enhancement
Terms & General Conditioning Principles

2. Cardiovascular Endurance
The body’s ability, over a sustained period of time during physical activity, to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and to remove wastes.

3. Muscular Endurance
Ability of a muscle or muscle group to sustain repeated contractions.

4. Power
Ability to exert maximum muscular contraction instantly in an explosive burst of movement composed of strength and speed.

5. Speed
Quickness of movement of a limb or whole body

6. Strength
Extent to which muscles can exert force by contracting against resistance

7. Adaptation
Body’s ability to react to the training loads imposed by increasing its ability to cope with demands
Purpose of training – systematically stress the body so it improves its capacity
If stress is not sufficient to overload the body, then no adaptation will occurs.

8. Overload
A greater than normal stress or load on the body is required for training adaptations to take place.

9. Specificity
Sports training should be relevant and appropriate to the sport the athlete is training for.
Examples:
A football player needs to train speed, strength, and power.
A cyclist should train muscle endurance and cardiovascular endurance

10. Reversibility
Gradual loss of training effect when intensity and duration is reduced.

11. Periodization
Varying a training program at regular time intervals to achieve optimal gains in performance.
Used to bring an athlete to “peak performance”
3 phases
Pre-season
In-season
Post-season

12. Pre-season (preparatory) Phase
High volume / low intensity
Focus on technique
Power & strength workouts introduced during 2nd half of this phase.

13. In-season (competitive) Phase
Low volume / high intensity
Focus on technique
Bring athlete to “peak performance”

14. Post-season (transition) Phase
Active rest – low volume / low intensity
Physiological and psychological break
Recreational activity