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Elizabeth Ann L. Enninga, BS, Shernan G. Holtan, MD, Douglas J

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Presentation on theme: "Elizabeth Ann L. Enninga, BS, Shernan G. Holtan, MD, Douglas J"— Presentation transcript:

1 Immunomodulatory Effects of Sex Hormones: Requirements for Pregnancy and Relevance in Melanoma 
Elizabeth Ann L. Enninga, BS, Shernan G. Holtan, MD, Douglas J. Creedon, MD, PhD, Roxana S. Dronca, MD, Wendy K. Nevala, MS, Simona Ognjanovic, PhD, Svetomir N. Markovic, MD, PhD  Mayo Clinic Proceedings  Volume 89, Issue 4, Pages (April 2014) DOI: /j.mayocp Copyright © 2014 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Hormonal changes (in weeks) important for the regulation of gestation in healthy pregnant women. CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone; hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin. Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp ) Copyright © 2014 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

3 Figure 2 Effects of sex hormones during early pregnancy to promote implantation and fetal tolerance and the proposed role in initiation of cancer. CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone; E2 = estradiol; hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin; IFN-γ = interferon gamma; Treg = regulatory T; uNK = uterine natural killer; VEGFR = vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp ) Copyright © 2014 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

4 Figure 3 Maintenance and regulation of tolerance by sex hormones during midpregnancy and the proposed role of hormones in progression/metastasis of cancer. CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone; C3 = complement component 3; ER = estrogen receptor; E2 = estradiol; E3 = estrone; hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin; IFN-γ = interferon gamma; PlBF = placental binding factor; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor. Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp ) Copyright © 2014 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

5 Figure 4 Role of sex hormones in the promotion of inflammation and labor as a natural method for provoking regression of tumor in patients with cancer. bFGF = basic fibroblast growth factor; CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone; CRHBP = corticotropin-releasing hormone binding protein; E2 = estradiol; hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin; hPRL = human prolactin; IFN-γ = interferon gamma; PR = progesterone receptor; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor. Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( /j.mayocp ) Copyright © 2014 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions


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