1. By Dr.Faris Muhammed March 2016
Surface Anatomy Of The Heart Valves, Major Vessels & Auscultatory Areas By
Dr.Faris Muhammed
March 2016

2. Practically : the heart has :
Apex
Superior border
Right border
Left border
Inferior border

3. LV 1. The Apex Formed by LV Abex beat = 5th IC space 9 cm from midline

4. 2. Superior Border : Formed by : root of great BVs Extends from :
Left 2nd costal cartilage
1.3 cm from sternum
2. Right 3rd costal cartilage
1.3 cm from sternum
The line between 1 & 2
is the superior border

5. 3. Right Border : Formed by : The right atrium Extends from :
1. Right 3rd costal cartilage
1.3 cm from sternum
2. Left 6th costal cartilage
1.3 cm from sternum
The line between 1 & 2
is the right border

6. 4. Inferior Border : Formed by : The RV & LV Extends from :
1. Left 6th costal cartilage
1.3 cm from sternum
2. The apex of heart
The line between 1 & 2
is the inferior border

7. 5. Left Border : Formed by : Left ventricle Extends from :
Left 2nd costal cartilage
1.3 cm from sternum
2. Apex of heart
The line between 1 & 2
is the left border

8. Land Marks Of Heart Valves

9. 4 1 2 Heart valves include: 3 Tricuspid valve 2. Mitral valve
3. Pulmonary valve 2
4. Aortic valve

11. Landmarks of AV valves MV valve : TV valve : behind Rt ½ of sternum,
opposite to Rt 4th ICS
MV valve :
behind Lt ½ of sternum,
opposite to Lt 4th costal
cartilage

12. Landmarks of semilunar valves
PV valve :
behind medial part of
Lt 3rd costal cartilage &
adjoining sternum
AV valve :
behind Lt ½ of sternum,
opposite to 3rd ICS

13. Auscultatory Areas

14. Normal Heart Sounds

15. 2nd Rt. ICS
2nd Lt. ICS
4th or 5th Lt. ICS
apex 5th ICS

16. Valvular diseases :
Valvular stenosis
Valvular regurgitation
Murmurs

17. Landmarks of Major vessels

19. Landmarks of Internal thoracic vessels :
Descends vertically down
Posterior to costal cartilage
1.3 cm Lateral to sternum
As far as 6th ICS

20. Landmarks of intercostal vessles:
VAN from Above downwards
Immediately below of corresponding ribs in the costal grooves
Innermost ICM
Costal groove
IC Vein
External ICM
IC Artery
IC Nerve
Internal ICM

21. QUIZ : name the following areas :