1. Splash Screen

2. Section 1: The Diversity of Americans
Chapter Introduction
Section 1: The Diversity of Americans
Section 2: Who Are America’s Citizens?
Section 3: Government and the People
Visual Summary
Chapter Menu

3. Our Declaration of Independence proclaims that “all men are created equal.” This does not mean that everyone is born with the same wealth, intelligence, strength, or ambition. Each one of us has a unique combination of qualities and characteristics. The words of the Declaration mean that all people should have equal rights, which is the cornerstone of the democratic ideal.
Chapter Intro 1

4. Section 1: The Diversity of Americans
As American citizens, we make a commitment to the nation and to the values and principles that are part of United States democracy. In addition to the common values and civic unity, the United States benefits from its rich diversity.
Chapter Intro 2

5. Section 2: Who Are America’s Citizens?
Citizens possess certain rights. With citizenship, there are also certain responsibilities expected of all Americans. In the United States, there are two ways to become a citizen: by birth and by a process called naturalization.
Chapter Intro 2

6. Section 3: Government and the People
People form governments to establish order, provide security, and accomplish common goals. Democratic governments perform necessary functions so citizens can live together peacefully.
Chapter Intro 2

7. Chapter Preview-End

8. Guide to Reading Big Idea
As American citizens, we make a commitment to the nation and to the values and principles that are part of United States democracy.
Section 1-Main Idea

9. Guide to Reading Content Vocabulary civics citizenship citizen
service economy
value
popular sovereignty
institution
Section 1-Key Terms

10. Guide to Reading Academic Vocabulary diverse ethnic principle
Section 1-Key Terms

11. Section 1-Polling Question
Do you think a person should have to own property or wealth in order to be an American citizen?
A. Yes
B. No A B
Section 1-Polling Question

12. What is Civics?
Civics is the study of the rights and duties of citizens.
Section 1

13. What is Civics? (cont.)
Civics is the study of the rights and duties of citizens.
Changes in citizenship requirements
Section 1

14. What is Civics? (cont.) Rights and duties of citizens:
Owe loyalty to the government
Entitled to protection from the government
Citizens as part of a country
Section 1

15. Why do you think the study of civics is important?
A. Understand my rights
B. Understand my responsibilities
C. Know the limitations of government
D. All the above A B C D
Section 1

16. A Changing Society
American society has undergone many changes in the past, and these changes continue today.
Section 1

17. A Changing Society (cont.)
The United States is a nation of immigrants.
Immigration from Europe:
Early immigration
After American independence
From southern and eastern Europe
U.S. Foreign-Born Population, 1850–2005
Section 1

18. A Changing Society (cont.)
Changes in immigration patterns:
Latin America
Asia
African immigrants brought by force
Section 1

19. A Changing Society (cont.)
Ethnic diversity:
Whites of European descent
African Americans
Asians and Pacific Islanders
Native Americans
Latinos
United States Immigration, 2004
Section 1

20. A Changing Society (cont.)
Religious diversity:
Christians
Jews
Muslims
Buddhists
Other religious groups
Section 1

21. A Changing Society (cont.)
Population growth and change today:
Birthrate
Service Economy
Increasing population in the South and West
Section 1

22. A Changing Society (cont.)
Rising age of citizens
Increasing levels of education
Growing Latino population
Section 1

23. How do you view the current trend in immigration?
A. It is good for the country.
B. It is neither good nor bad for the country.
C. It is bad for the country.
D. No opinion A B C D
Section 1

24. American Values and Institutions
Americans share key values, and these values are reflected in the important institutions of American life.
Section 1

25. American Values and Institutions (cont.)
Values are broad ideas about what is good or desirable that are shared by people in a society.
Section 1

26. American Values and Institutions (cont.)
Basic American values
Values uniting Americans:
The country’s founding documents
The English language as a source of unity
Belief in popular sovereignty
Section 1

27. American Values and Institutions (cont.)
Role of major American institutions:
The family
Religious institutions
Educational institutions
Social institutions
Governmental institutions
Section 1

28. Do you agree that the United States is strengthened by the common and public use of one language?
A. Agree
B. Disagree A B
Section 1

29. Section 1-End

30. Guide to Reading Big Idea
Citizens possess certain rights. With citizenship, Americans also have certain responsibilities.
Section 2-Main Idea

31. Guide to Reading Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary naturalization
alien
immigrant
deport
Academic Vocabulary
deny
obtain
priority
Section 2-Key Terms

32. Section 2-Polling Question
Do you think that the United States government should have the right to take citizenship away from American citizens?
A. Yes
B. No A B
Section 2-Polling Question

33. Path to Citizenship
In the United States, there are two ways to become a citizen: by birth and by a process called naturalization.
Section 2

34. Path to Citizenship (cont.)
There are two ways to become an American citizen:
Birth
Naturalization
Dual citizenship for Americans
Section 2

35. Path to Citizenship (cont.)
The naturalization process for aliens:
Declaration of Intention
Living in the United States
Interview and citizenship exam
Oath of allegiance
Native Americans as citizens
Section 2

36. Path to Citizenship (cont.)
Denying and losing citizenship:
Improperly obtained citizenship
Expatriation
Federal crimes involving extreme disloyalty
Section 2

37. How do you view the naturalization process for aliens?
A. It is fine the way it is.
B. There are too many steps.
C. There aren’t enough steps.
D. No opinion A B C D
Section 2

38. Aliens in America
Even though the United States controls the admission of aliens to this country, each year millions of people enter America illegally.
Section 2

39. Aliens in America (cont.)
There are restrictions on the number of immigrants who can enter the United States.
Immigration Act of 1990
Section 2

40. Aliens in America (cont.)
Aliens living in the United States illegally:
Temporary visitors
Crossing borders
Foreigners with expired legal permits
Many fear being deported
Section 2

41. Aliens in America (cont.)
The United States Border Patrol:
Different categories of legal aliens:
Resident aliens
Nonresident aliens
Refugees
Rights of aliens
Section 2

42. Do you think that aliens should be able to vote in elections and run for office?
A. Yes
B. No A B
Section 2

43. Section 2-End

44. Guide to Reading Big Idea
People form governments to establish order, provide security, and accomplish common goals.
Section 3-Main Idea

45. Guide to Reading Content Vocabulary government public policy budget
democracy
direct democracy
representative democracy
republic
monarchy
majority rule
authoritarian
totalitarian
Section 3-Key Terms

46. Guide to Reading Academic Vocabulary community enforce constrain
Section 3-Key Terms

47. Section 3-Polling Question
Do you think it is important for government to provide security for its citizens?
A. Yes
B. No A B
Section 3-Polling Question

48. The Need for Government
The different levels of government provide many different services.
Section 3

49. The Need for Government (cont.)
Government is the ruling authority for a community, or society.
Functions of government:
Keep order
Provide security
Functions of Government
Section 3

50. The Need for Government (cont.)
Provide services
Guide the community
Formulate public policy
Plan and budget
Functions of Government
Section 3

51. The Need for Government (cont.)
Levels of government:
National
State and local
Section 3

52. B. Guiding the community C. Providing services D. Providing security
Which function of government do you think is most important for a community?
A. Keeping order
B. Guiding the community
C. Providing services
D. Providing security A B C D
Section 3

53. Types of Government
The people are the ultimate rulers of democratic countries, while in totalitarian states, a single person or small group holds all the power.
Section 3

54. Types of Government (cont.)
Democratic government
Types of democracy:
Direct democracy
Representative democracy or republic
Constitutional monarchy
Section 3

55. Types of Government (cont.)
Principles of democracy:
Rule of law
Limited government
Consent of the governed
Principles of American Democracy
Section 3

56. Types of Government (cont.)
Individual rights
Representative government
Majority rule
Principles of American Democracy
Section 3

57. Types of Government (cont.)
Authoritarian government
Absolute monarchy
Dictatorship
Totalitarianism
Comparing Democratic and Authoritarian Systems
Section 3

58. Do you think that a representative democracy is more effective than a direct democracy?
A. Yes
B. No A B
Section 3

59. Section 3-End

60. The American People
Because of its heritage, the United States is often called “a nation of immigrants.”
Until the mid-1900s, most immigrants came from Europe.
Latin America now accounts for the largest share of immigrants to the United States.
The United States is a diverse nation, reflecting the values of many groups.
VS 1

61. American Values and Institutions
Values are ideas about what is good or desirable that are shared by people in a society.
Our basic values include freedom, equality, opportunity, justice, and tolerance.
Every society has institutions that help it transmit its values.
Important American institutions are the family, religious, educational, social, and governmental institutions.
VS 2

62. Citizenship
According to the U.S. Constitution, people can become American citizens by birth and through naturalization.
Millions of illegal aliens live in the United States. Legal aliens have entered the country lawfully.
VS 3

63. Government
People need governments to make and enforce laws and to help us meet our needs. The purposes of government include the following:
Providing order and security
Providing public services
Guiding the community
VS 4

64. Government
Although all governments carry out the same basic functions, there are differences in the ways governments can be organized.
The main types of government are democratic government and authoritarian government.
In a democracy, the supreme political authority rests with the people.
VS 4

65. VS-End

66. Figure 1

67. Figure 2

68. Figure 3

69. Figure 4

70. Figure 5

71. TIME Trans

72. DFS Trans 1

73. DFS Trans 2

74. DFS Trans 3

75. civics
the study of the rights and duties of citizens
Vocab1

76. citizenship
rights and duties of members of a state
Vocab2

77. citizens
community members who owe loyalty to the government and are entitled to protection from it
Vocab3

78. service economy
where the majority of people earn their living by providing a service rather than manufacturing a product
Vocab4

79. value
the general principles of beliefs people use to make judgments and decisions
Vocab5

80. popular sovereignty
the notion that power lies with the people
Vocab6

81. institution
sets of ideas that people have about relationships, obligations, roles and functions of society
Vocab7

82. diverse
differing from one another
Vocab8

83. ethnic
relating to races or groups of people who share common traits and customs
Vocab9

84. principle 
a rule of conduct or belief
Vocab10

85. naturalization
a legal process to obtain citizenship
Vocab11

86. alien
a noncitizen
Vocab12

87. immigrant
a person who moves permanently to a new country
Vocab13

88. deport to send an alien or immigrant back to his or her own country
Vocab14

89. deny
refusal to grant, agree, or believe
Vocab15

90. obtain
to gain or acquire
Vocab16

91. priority
something that is given more attention or importance
Vocab17

92. government
the ruling authority for a community
Vocab18

93. public policy
the course of action the government takes in response to an issue or problem
Vocab19

94. budget
a plan for making and spending money
Vocab20

95. democracy a government in which citizens hold the power to rule
Vocab21

96. direct democracy
a form of democracy in which the people vote firsthand
Vocab22

97. representative democracy
a government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf
Vocab23

98. republic
a representative democracy where citizens choose their lawmakers
Vocab24

99. monarchy
a government with a hereditary, single leader
Vocab25

100. majority rule
political principle providing that a majority of the members of a community has the power to make laws binding upon all the people
Vocab26

101. authoritarian
a government in which one leader or group of people holds absolute power
Vocab27

102. totalitarian
a system in which government control extends to almost all aspects of people’s lives
Vocab28

103. community a group of people who share the same interests and concerns
Vocab29

104. enforce
to carry out by force or ensure compliance
Vocab30

105. constrain
to force, limit, or hold back
Vocab31

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