1. Genetics

2. YouTube - Mr. Lee - Genetics rap

3. homozygous 2 of the same alleles for a trait
examples: P P, p p, T T, t t

4. Punnett squares
are tools to help geneticists predict the probability of certain traits in offspring by showing all of the ways the parents’ alleles can combine

5. heredity
the passing of traits to offspring (children, young, descendents)

6. genes
the factors or substances that
control traits

7. genetics
the study of heredity

8. heterozygous
2 different alleles for a trait
examples: P p, T t

9. offspring
the new organism produced by a parent or parents (ex: children, young;
synonym: descendents)

10. alleles
the different forms of a gene
G G G g g g
G and g

11. Gregor Mendel “Father of Genetics” An Austrian monk
who studied the traits
of pea plants

12. recessive allele
an allele that is hidden when a dominant allele is present; can be masked by another allele
These characteristics only “show up” if both alleles for a trait are this type. t

13. genotype
the genetic makeup of an organism that determines the phenotype
the allele combination
(letters representing dominant and recessive alleles)
ex. PP

14. traits
characteristics that parents can pass to offspring (ex: eye color, hair color, shape of eyebrows)

15. phenotype a physical trait of an organism (what it looks like)
ex. purple flower

16. another way to refer to homozygous genotypes
purebred
another way to refer to homozygous genotypes
2 of the same alleles for a trait
examples: P P, p p, T T, t t

17. dominant allele
an allele that can mask another allele and always “shows up” if present T

18. another way to refer to heterozygous genotypes
hybrid
another way to refer to heterozygous genotypes
2 different alleles for a trait
examples: P p, T t

19. probability
the relative possibility that an event will occur