1. Information of the History of Sudan
Background Info for Reading What is the What by Dave Eggers

2. Simulation Groups & Real Factions
North Sudanese pro-government forces, al-Bashir administration (NCP)/Janjaweed Militias National Pyletopian Congressional Party & Apean Militia (Emersoniis)
North Sudanese anti-government forces, Liberation and Justice Movement/ JEM/ SLM/A Pyletopian Movement for Justice, Equality, and Liberation (PMJEL)
South Sudanese pro-government forces, SPLM/SPLA Visionary People of Pyletopia’s Liberation Movement(VPPLM)
South Sudanese anti-government forces, SSDM/SSDA Pyletopian’s for the Democratization of the Republic (PDR)

3. PROBLEMS

4. Map of Africa Map of Sudan

5. Why North vs. South? Arab vs. African Slave-raiding and exploitation
Britain and Egypt’s imperialism

6. So Many Conflicts
Religion
Race
Economic exploitation
Colonialism

7. FIRST CIVIL WAR

8. Way Back Middle Ages: Arabs arrive from Egypt
1800s: Egyptian (and therefore British) rule
Conflicts and opposition for 100 years
1900s: British declare “Southern Policy”
North and South governed separately

9. First Civil War Begins 1950s – 1970s
South mutinies against North’s domination
South creates secessionist movement called “Anya-Nya”
*** Valentino’s father is a member!

10. First Civil War Ends
First peace agreement in 1972= Addis Ababa Agreement (AAA)
South gets:
More autonomy
Share of natural resources

11. SECOND CIVIL WAR

12. Second Civil War Begins
1980s-2000s
North attempts to redraw lines
Violations of AAA by North
AAA abolished by North:
Divides South into 3 regions
Regional governments dissolved
Islamicization

13. Second Civil War Continues
2 Groups:
SPLA (Southern)
Murahaleen (Northern)
Slavery
Lost Boys begin trek East
*** Valentino is one!
Darfur conflict begins in 2003

14. Second Civil War Ends
Second peace agreement in 2005 = Comprehensive Peace Agreement
Autonomy for South:
6 year trial
Choice to make permanent in 2011 ***
Sharing oil revenues
Islamic law in North, choice in South
Darfur conflict continues

15. NOW!
WHAT DO YOU KNOW? What’s going on in the news? What is happening?!?!