6. Healing The Wounds of WWII
After WWII, many nations struggled to rebuild.
Meanwhile, Russia and US fight for supremacy.

7. What happens to the losers?
After WWII
Germany
Berlin is destroyed
New government must start
Japan
Tokyo is demolished by air raids
Loss of war leaves citizens scared

8. The Occupation of Germany
July 1945
Potsdam Conference
Meeting held with Big 3 to determine fate of Germany
Pres. Truman (US)
Churchill (UK)
Later replaced by Clement Attlee
Stalin (Russia)

9. The New Germany Big 3 divide Germany into 4 occupation zones.
Western Germany
Very rich industry controlled by:
France US
England
Eastern Germany
Poor rural area with no wealth controlled by:
Russia

10. Problems of Potsdam Conference
Berlin (capital of Germany)
Part of Eastern Germany (falls under Russia control)
Allies want “joint” control of Berlin.
Why?
Also, USSR wants Germany to pay back reparations to USSR now!!

11. How to stabilize Germany
Destroy Nazi party
Re-establish local governments
Rebuild German industry
Territory
Made small enough to keep weak

12. The Occupation of Japan
Problems with rebuilding Japan
Economy in shambles
Hiroshima and Nagasaki are devastated.
Emperor Hirohito still in charge!

13. How we fix Japan’s issues.
General Douglas MacArthur
Sent to Japan to run their “new” constitutional monarch.
Congress = controlled by McArthur
Emperor Hirohito = no power
1945 – 1952
US runs Japans government from

14. Changes in Japan No military Women have right to vote!
Men must go back to communities and get jobs!
Women have right to vote!
Set up Capitalist economy
Got rid of zaibatsu
Monopoly corporations owned by 1% of population!

15. The War Crimes Trials After WWII November, 1945
Allied leaders needed to punish German and Japanese “war criminals”
Any military personnel responsible for killing or destroying other countries are punishable by death.
November, 1945
Nuremberg, Germany
War trials begin for Germans.

16. Nuremberg Trials Held in Nuremberg
Once proud meeting city for Hitler’s Nazis.
12 Nazi leaders put to death for 4 charges
Planning the war
Committing war crimes
Conspiring to commit the crimes
Crimes against humanity
Holocaust

17. Trials in Tokyo
May 1946
MacArthur sets up International Military Tribunal
Conducted trials against Japanese war criminals.
Prosecuted 20 Japanese generals and sentenced them to death.
Included Hedeki Tojo.