1. Semiotics
Study of Signs

2. Terminology
Sign
Something that stands for something else (“signifier”)
Signified:
What the sign means
Signification
Meaning / the act of signifying
Decode
To read signs
Image:
A collection of signs
Codes
Systems of signs (e.g., bridal codes)
Denotation:
Literal meaning
Connotation:
Ideology/Mythology

3. Semiotics & Graphic Design
These are logo images (collections of signs). I am asking you to decode (to say what is signified), looking at both denotation and connotation.

5. De Saussure: Signs become defined by their differences with other signs in a system.

6. Barthes Denotation Connotation (Connotation obscuring Denotation)

7. Matthias Grunewald, Crucifixion, 1512-1515

9. Destabilization of a Sign
Example: Concorde Jet
The composition of a metal strip that led to the crash of an Air France Concorde in 2000 played a direct role in the tragedy, says a source in a French prosecutor's office.
The primary cause of the accident in which 113 people were killed was found to have been a piece of debris from a DC-10 aircraft lying on the runway at Charles de Gaulle airport that shredded one of Concorde's tyres as it was taking off.
Bits of tyre flew into the fuel tank, piercing it and starting the fire that sent the famous supersonic aircraft plunging into a Parisian suburb.
The rogue strip of metal was made of titanium, which had a direct impact on the crash of Concorde, said the source in the northern town of Pontoise.
An investigation in July 2001 found that the original DC-10 part was replaced by its titanium equivalent. Unlike titanium, that alloy "did not cut tyres", the inquiry found

11. Is this a symbol, icon, or index?

12. Symbol, Icon, or Index?

13. Symbo, Icon, or Index? Betty Crocker

14. Having the qualities of an icon Iconography: Use of icons Iconoclast
Iconographic:
Having the qualities of an icon
Iconography:
Use of icons
Iconoclast
Destroyer of Icons

15. Paradigmatic/syntagmatic

16. Critical Theory Some ideas that influence the way we read signs: Freudian (Psychoanalysis) Jungian Feminist Ethnic Marxist Semiotics

17. Freud: Id, Ego, Super Ego

18. Freud: Sublimation

19. Freud: Phallic Symbols

20. Freud: Phallic Symbols

21. Freud: “Penis Envy”

22. Freud: Fear of Castration