1. The Endocrine System
6-3

2. from “I Run With the Bulls” by Mike Silva, 1995
And then the gun goes off. I run up the cobblestone street. People are jogging at a moderate pace. There’s no tremendous push for speed….The second gun goes off – now people pick up the pace: the bulls have been released….There’s a sudden burst of speed, energy, panic, of bodies, and the bulls are in the ring. I high tail it to the perimeter, having heard too many tales of bulls going mad in the ring….I caught up with Von and Don. I was just about the ask Don a question when I saw a bull charging Von. He stood frozen for a second, and at the last second jumped sideways in a crescent shape, as the bull missed him and tried to put his shoulder into Von. We ran up to him and he was five shades of white….

3. Brain Communication Systems
Nervous system
Endocrine system

4. The Endocrine System
Sends chemical messages (hormones) through the body
Hormones – made in the endocrine glands, travel in the blood and other body fluids
Ductless glands – go straight into the bloodstream

6. Hormones Have various effects: Body growth Metabolic process
Get the body ready for action
Influence moods

7. Pituitary Gland Controls growth and water and salt metabolism
Master gland
Controls the output of hormones by other glands
Hypothalamus monitors hormones in the blood & sends messages to correct inbalances

8. Thyroid Gland Produces the hormone thyroxine
Stimulates certain chemical reactions important for all tissues of the body
Not enough thyroxine – feel lazy (hypothyroidism)
Too much thyroxine – lose weight, be over active (hyperthyroidism)

9. Adrenal Glands Work when you are frightened or angry
Release epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Cause the heartbeat and breathing to increase
Heighten emotions
Give extra energy to handle tough situations
Release cortical steroids – help muscles develop & make the liver release stored sugar

10. Sex Glands Types: Ovaries – females Testes – males
Produce eggs & hormone estrogen & progesterone
Testes – males
Produce sperm & sex hormone testosterone

11. Hormones vs. Neurotransmitters
Both affect the nervous system
Neurotransmitters – released next to the cell it is to excite or inhibit, travel quickly
Hormones – go into the bloodstream, travel more slowly