1. Photosynthesis

2. Definition
Process by which plants and other autotrophs (producers) store the energy of sunlight into sugars.
Two steps
Light Reaction
Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle)

3. Chloroplast (an organelle found only in plants)
STRUCTURE:
Membrane-bound compartments called thylakoids. A stack of thylakoids is called a granum. (Plural – grana)
Stroma is a thick liquid surrounding the thylakoids.

4. Light Reaction Dark Reaction
Takes place in the chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membrane
Dark Reaction
Takes place in the stroma

5. Light Reaction Water Light Water Light Energy + Oxygen
Energy from light is used to split water
molecules in hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O2)
Water
Light
Energy storage molecules are formed (ATP).
ATP is also called cellular energy.
Oxygen gas is made as a waste product.
Water
Light
Energy + Oxygen

6. Dark Reaction Energy + Carbon dioxide Energy + Carbon dioxide Glucose
Uses the energy (ATP) created in the light reaction and carbon dioxide (CO2)
Does not require sunlight.
Energy + Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is “fixed” into the sugar glucose. This means that the carbons of the carbon dioxide join together to make glucose.
Energy + Carbon dioxide
Glucose

8. Write out a recap.

9. Cellular Respiration

10. Definition
Process by which plants, animals and other heterotrophs (consumers) break down glucose to get energy for cell processes.
There are Two types of cell respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration

11. ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Yeast & Bacteria
Alcoholic Fermentation
(CO2 ,alcohol & ATP are produced)
Plants & Animals
Lactic acid fermentation
(Lactic acid & ATP are produced)

12. AEROBIC RESPIRATION Occurs in the cytoplasm & the mitochondria
Three steps
Glycolysis (cytoplasm)
Krebs Cycle (matrix of the mitochondria)
Electron transport chain
(inner membrane of the mitochondria)

13. Cytoplasm Glycolysis glucose  2 pyruvic acid + 2 ATP
one molecule with  2 molecules with 3 carbons
6 carbons

14. Mitochondria Kreb Cycle Electron Transport Chain A series of reactions
convert Pyruvic Acid to CO2
Electron Transport Chain
more reactions result the
production of 34 ATP

15. Overview – 36 ATP in total

16. Write out a recap.

17. Photosynthesis: A Summary
Steps
Location
Reactants
(what goes in)
Products
(what comes out)
_________
Reaction
_Chl________
___________
of the
Thylakoid
Membranes
1. ___________
2. ___________
2. _______
Reaction also
known as the
________Cycle

18. Cellular Respiration : A Summary
Anaerobic Respiration (without oxygen)
Types
Location
Reactants
(what goes in)
Products
(what comes out)
1. Lactate Fermentation
1. ________
1. _______
2. _______
(Energy)
2. Ethanol Fermentation
1. glucose
2. ________
3.________

19. Cellular Respiration : A Summary
Aerobic Respiration (with oxygen)
Steps
Location
Reactants
(what goes in)
Products
(what comes out)
1. _________
1. ________
1. _______
2. _______
(Energy)
2. Oxidative
Respiration:
_____ Cycle &
The Electron
Transport Chain
1. _________
2. _________
2. ________
3. ________