1. MANAGING GOVERNMENT

2. What is Government ? A group of people that governs people
A government is the system by which a state and community is controlled and managed

3. A government formulate policy, exercises executive, political power through different institutions like legislation, executive and judiciary.
A government control economic, political, social and other systems

4. Forms of Government Aristocracy and Dictatorship Monarchy Democracy
Republic

5. Role of Government Very few and limited role in the beginning of state
As citizens’ need changed, role of government expanded
Laissez-faire economy and great depression
Role depends on economic system – capitalist, socialist and mixed
Policy of economic liberalization

6. Changing Role of Government
Role has been changing rapidly due to –
Globalization
Technological innovations
Trans – national crimes
Environment change, etc.

7. Contd. Government - - focus on policy formulation
- act as a regulator/ facilitator/evaluator
- perform promotional activities
- attract PPP

8. Functions of Modern Government
External Security
Domestic law and order, justice
Foreign policy/ diplomacy
Public goods and services

9. Contd. Economic development policy Social welfare policy
Periodic elections in democratic nations
Natural disaster management

10. Models for Managing Government
The government as machine model –
dominated by rules,
control ! control !! control !!!
The government as network model –
opposite of machine model
connect, communicate and collaborate

11. Condt.. The performance model – - make accountable
- measure performance
Virtual government model –
- privatize, contract and negotiate
- from concern to do towards concern to
ensure things are done

12. Contd. Contracting out Lease – BOT – highway, water supply
License – transport, education, health
Joint venture/ Partnership

13. GOVERNANCE
Governance is the exercise of economic, political, administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels. ( UNDP 1997 )
Governance comprises the mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interest, exercise their legal rights.

14. Contd.
Governance is a manner in which power is exercised in the management of a country’s economic and social resources for development (World Bank)

15. Good Governance Promoted by UN agency Characteristics Participation
Rule of law
Transparency
Accountability
Responsiveness
Effectiveness and efficiency
Equity

16. Governance and Management
Doing the right thing and doing the thing right
Determines ‘What’ and ‘ How’
Macro and micro level
Both are important

17. Do you agree ?
One of the principle function of the government is to retain in power
There is no best way to manage everything
Government intervention can slow growth
Downsize the government and contracting out the functions
Government needs to be managed and management needs to be governed
The best government is less governance

18. What do you suggest on managing the government in Nepal ?