1. Alps Land and People of Italy
Peninsula: 750 miles long and only about 120 miles wide.
Apennine Mountains: Backbone of Italy.
Rome: on Tiber River, center of Italy.
Tiber River
Po River: Fertile River valley in north.
Latium: Plain where Rome was established.
Alps
Po River
Apennine Mtns.
Adriatic Sea
Tiber
Corsica
Rome
Sardinia
Tyrrhenian
Sea
Ionian
Sea
Sicily
Carthage
Mediterranean
Sea
Africa

2. Roman Law
One of the grievances of the Plebeians was the fact that there was no written legal code.
The writing of a legal code standardizes the code so that it is not as easily manipulated.
Law of the Twelve Tables
First codification of Roman Law
It was written on twelve tablets and placed in
the Roman Forum so everyone could read it.
The Twelve tables only applied to citizens of the Republic.
Law of Nations
As the Republic, and later Empire, expanded the legal code was expanded to apply to everyone, a universal law based on reason.

3. Pax Romana and Roman Achievements
SOL 6 G & J

4. The Pax Romana
The Roman Peace
200 year period of peace in the Mediterranean region.
Economic impact of the Pax Romana
Established uniform system of money, which helped expand trade.
Guaranteed safe travel and trade on Roman roads
Promoted prosperity and stability.
Social impact of the Pax Romana
Returned stability to social classes
Increase emphasis on the family
Political impact of the Pax Romana
Created a civil service
Developed a uniform rule of law.

5. Roman Achievements
Complete the chart

6. Pantheon
Built by the Emperor Hadrian as a temple dedicated to all of the Roman Gods.
Finished around 126 AD

7. Pantheon-means temple to all gods
Pantheon-means temple to all gods. Started as a temple to Roman Gods then converted to a church

9. Colosseum -Finished in 80AD, could seat 50,000 people.
-Fighting area was 272 ft by 157 ft
-Gladiator battles, naval battles, and the execution of criminals were held in the Colosseum

11. Hypogeum
Area below the Colosseum where the participants would wait to take their place in the Colosseum performances

12. Roman Forum The Forum was the heart of any Roman City
It was the central marketplace and public meeting place for the Roman people.

13. Roman Roads
The Romans built thousands of miles of roads to connect their large empire.
This allowed for the quick movement of people and goods throughout the empire.
They were paved with stone and had a drainage system which made them highly advanced. Some are still in use today.

14. Roads promoted trade.
"All roads lead to Rome." 
The Appian Way

15. Aqueduct Aqueducts carried water into Roman cities
The water flowed from the highlands at a gradual angle into Roman cities.

16. Roman Arches- support structure

17. Modern arches
US Capital

18. The use of the arch allowed the Romans to span large areas with a minimum of building material.
Bridges were a part of the Roman Road System
Roman Bridges

19. Ptolemy-scientist
proposed that the Earth was the center of the universe, a Geocentric View.

20. Roman public health
First to realise the connection between dirty water and poor health
Had Aqueducts and sewers
Realised that you had to build towns and settlements away from swamps and near rivers
Army had clean hospitals with good ventilation

21. Roman public health Most Roman towns had public baths
These served both public health and social purposes
They also had public lavatories
These public health ideas benefited the people who lived in the empire as well as Rome

22. Latin Language Latin was the spoken and written language of Rome.
This same Latin root is also found in the French word “justice,” the Italian word “giustizia,” and the Spanish word, “justicia.”

23. Roman Literature Virgil: Roman Poet, wrote the Aeneid
In the Aeneid, Aeneas portrays the ideal Roman with duty, piety, and faithfulness.