1. RFID in CEN TC225 and ISO/IEC JTC1
John Ketchell
CEN Director, Pre-Standards ETSI Internet of Things, 3/4 December 2007 1
2005 CEN – all rights reserved
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2. Presentation contents
A bit about CEN
CEN and ICT – CEN/ISSS
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC31
New work proposed in CEN TC225
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3. CEN – another European Standards Organization
30 National Members, and the representative expertise they assemble from each country
8 Associate Members (consumers, SMEs, etc)
2 Counsellors (EC, EFTA)
5 Affiliate Members (mainly EU applicants, but changing: will include EU associate members)
Partner Standardization Bodies (outside Europe)
CEN is the partner of ISO at European level – our members are all ISO members; we share work (“Vienna Agreement”)
ICT work (“CEN/ISSS”) mainly in applications, often guidance; we are “European Entry Point” to UN-ECE eBusiness standards process
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4. Our process and products
Produced in Technical Committees with national delegations (but made up of expert stakeholders):
European Standards – EN
Technical Specification - CEN/TS
Technical Report - CEN/TR
CEN Guides
Produced in Workshops open to direct participation of any interested parties:
CEN Workshop Agreement - CWA
Produced in open Focus Groups (eg currently eGovernment, biometrics):
Strategic reports
ENs are automatically national standards; other products published by national members; many CEN/ISSS are CWAs free on-line
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5. Our ICT landscape
8 Technical Committees – eHealth, Intelligent Transport, citizen cards, etc.
Since February 1998:
65 Workshops (another 37 outside ICT…)
17 Workshops open, three announced + one revived
200+ CEN Workshop Agreements published
1000+ (average) registered Workshop participants (business and other interests)
Value-added activities (R&D links, consortia overview, etc.)
Focus Groups and Technical Board Working Groups – strategic groups preparing standards topic overviews, recommendations.
Many activities are in eBusiness, but we also work on technology applications and public interest topics
Only in CEN do we find such a wide range of eBusiness standards issues!
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6. And for RFID? CEN TC225 – AIDC technologies
Started bar-code standardization
Recently: ad hoc Group on RFID standardization - new RFID work programme under discussion
Links to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC31 at global level
Secretariat: NEN (Dutch CEN Member body)
Convenor: Paul Chartier, Praxis Consultants (UK)
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7. Our global counterpart
JTC 1 Information Technology
Other SCs
SC31 AIDC Technology
Other WGs
WG4 RFID for item management
SG1 Application protocols
SG3 Air interface
Other SGs
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8. Types of RFID standards – one view…
Technology - air interface
defines what it does
Conformance & Performance
how to measure that it “does what it says on the tin”
“Middleware” protocols
how data and instructions are processed
Data content
how business data is supported
Applications
making it work for a specific sector
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9. ISO/IEC JTC1 Air Interface Standards
Various aspects can be covered, but key are:
The air interface: frequency, modulation, bit encoding
Anticollision
the ability to address a number of tags unambiguously and almost simultaneously
not always a requirement
Commands and responses that address memory in terms of blocks (or words, or pages)
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10. JTC1 SC31 WG4 RFID for Item Management Work Items for SG3
ISO/IEC Parameters for Air Interface Communications with particular parts defined as follows:
Part 1 – definition of parameters
Part 2 – two types operating below 135KHz
Part 3 – two modes operating at MHz
Part 4 – two modes operating at 2.45 GHz
Part 5 – not published
Part 6 – three types operating at 860 to 960 MHz
Part 7 – one mode operating at 433 MHz (active tag technology)
Work continues with revisions (eg sensors) and new candidates
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11. ISO/IEC 18000 Parameters for air interface communications
Spectrum
Frequency
Standard
Low Frequency
<135 kHz
ISO/IEC
High Frequency
13,56 MHz
ISO/IEC
433 MHz
ISO/IEC
UHF
MHz
ISO/IEC
Microwave
2,45 GHz
ISO/IEC
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12. ISO RFID Standards Performance and conformance
Performance: “Manner, quality or measure of a function”:
ISO/IEC RF Tag and interrogator performance test methods – Technical Report
Conformance: “Fulfilment of a product, process or service of specified requirements”:
ISO/IEC RFID device conformance test methods – Technical Report [This is a multi-part standard to align with ISO/IEC 18000]
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13. JTC1 SC31 WG4 RFID for Item Management Work Items for SG1
Data Protocol standards: ISO/IEC and 15962
Management of data constructs
ISO/IEC Encoding and processing rules for sensors and batteries
ISO/IEC Software System Infrastructure
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14. RFID Data Protocol Revisions to ISO/IEC 15961 & 15962
: Edition of October 2004) needs to be simplified concerning data constructs topics
: Rules for new Registration Authority for AFIs and other data constructs
: Specification of data constructs
: Commands for sensors
15962: New encoding and data mapping processes
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15. New Work: Sensors Technical & Application Issues
There are a variety of sensor & battery developments making links with RFID feasible & economically viable
In supply chains additional sensory information (e.g. temperature, moisture content) can be captured via the RFID tag
Technical challenges:
low cost sensors are the likely focus
wireless, but unknown, so different from wireless networks
self declaring sensors - the sensor & tag might not be known
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17. Opportunity to move forward with a European focus
CEN TC225 and RFID
Until now, the focus has been on technology standards; with the task left to JTC1 SC31
This is a legacy of the bar code standards developed by CEN being offered as inputs to ISO
The first generation RFID technology standards are stable - a sound platform for application developments
On the other hand, we need to be sure that European needs for applications are met
Opportunity to move forward with a European focus
NB linkeage to EU Expert Team work
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18. 2007 ICT standardization work programme
RFID is mentioned as one of the three priority domains in DG Enterprise standards support programme
As a result, CEN/TC 225 was invited to create proposals for European standardisation in the field of RFID
Five proposals developed and proposed for EU financial support:
RFID Privacy & Security
RFID Implementation Guidelines
The Application of RFID in the Manufacturing Sector
Automotive Product Authentication & Tracking Using RFID
Electronic Customs Forms: Airline Inflight Bonded Goods Sales
All positively evaluated, but further discussion required with Commission
Work may start spring 2008
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19. The Privacy and Security work
We will:
Identify threats to privacy and security
Identify solutions that have been, or can be, applied
Create a matrix of solutions and standards - noting that not all technologies can support a given solution
Prepare a gap analysis
Identify possibilities solutions from one technology to another
Identify alternative (possibly 2nd order) solutions
NB! This work may need to be linked to the reviving CEN/ISSS Workshop on data protection and privacy (WS/DPP) – generic work
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20. The Implementation Guidelines work
We will cover:
Generic technology issues. Examples: physics, power issues, frequencies, memory types
Closer review for the standardised air interface technologies
Advise on standards other than air interface
Advise on implementation issues
Objective: A single source document aimed at end users and as a framework for academic and vocational curricula
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21. Application of RFID in the Manufacturing Sector
Automotive sector as a reference - employs 2 million people in Europe
Mapping of technologies to applications
Analyse at least 20 applications: e.g. containers, parts marking, RFID and robotics, recycling
Identify outcomes. Examples:
new pan-European initiatives
RFID equivalent of EN1573 (Multi-Industry Transport Label)
sector standards
even advice about closed systems
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22. Automotive Product Authentication & Tracking Using RFID
After-market worth 50 billion Euro per annum
5% to 10% of this is possibly counterfeit
Track and trace (established and new components)
chain of custody
component usage history
recycling of old components
Possible links to CEN/ISSS Workshop: Anti-counterfeiting: Protocols for Detection of Counterfeits (WS/CPF)
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23. Newly established by TC225 AHG
Terms and Definitions
Newly established by TC225 AHG
Stems from discussion in Commission Expert Team
List of terms and definitions drafted, open for comment
Will be placed on CEN/ISSS web pages this week
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24. Newly established by TC225 AHG
Terms and Definitions
Newly established by TC225 AHG
Stems from discussion in Commission Expert Team
List of terms and definitions drafted, open for comment
Some taken from JTC1 or ETSI standards, some new….
Document will be placed on CEN/ISSS web pages this week (link from
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25. RFID is increasingly important
Looking ahead
RFID is increasingly important
We are not lacking standards overall, but we miss details – security, privacy, applications
Expertise to write standards is limited, we need collaboration, both at EU level and internationally (GRIFS will help)
As fellow ESOs, we must ensure CEN and ETSI develop close co-ordination in this area; we need to be complementary
We may receive a Commission mandate in 2008 – a request for standards work: contents?
Watch this space!
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26. Thanks to you for listening
Many thanks
Thanks to Paul Chartier, Praxis Consultants, for the technical material
Thanks to you for listening
Questions?
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