4. Sampling herbaceous vegetation in the Arctic tundra

5. Point intercept techniques for sampling
Other methods of sampling vegetation
include quadrat, transect, and distance-based techniques

6. You are required to take 20 point frame samples W.
clover
Violet
Pigweed
Moss
Bare
Bare
Dandy
Plantain
Grass1
Grass2 1 3 4 3 2 4 2 4 3 5 2 3 2 4 5
You are required to take 20 point frame samples
‘randomly’ located within our study plot.

7. To document in Excel:
Use the Excel file provided to you on our home page as a template:
Sheet 1: Insert photo of your raw data sheet
Sheet 2: Enter your raw data here and perform cover calculations. Use formulas for full credit.
Sheet 3:
Provide the percent cover for each morphospecies ranked from highest to lowest (include bare ground)
Provide the species richness value, the total number of morphospecies
Sheet 4
Calculate your Simpson’s diversity index (D) and provide its final value. Use formulas for full credit.

8. This is your raw data sheet, but for only 10 point frames
147 points total
96 of them were grass
The absolute cover of grass is (96/147)* 100 = 65.3%

11. 147 points total
96 of them were grass
The absolute cover of grass is (96/147)* 100 = 65.3%

12. Simpson’s D
D = ∑ (n/N)2
n = the total number of individuals collected within a particular species
N = the total number of individuals of all species
The value of D ranges between 0 and 1
Subtract D from 1 to get the Simpson’s index of diversity. The larger the value of D, the higher the diversity.

13. One is complete evenness
One is complete evenness. Simpson’s is not very sensitive to rare species.

16. Factors that would influence numerical results
Mowing, spraying of lawn
Motivation and time available to observers
Taxonomic skills
Time of year
Recent weather
Degree of randomness incorporated into sampling design
Errors