1. Properties of Ionic and Covalent Bonds

2. Ionic Compounds (Review)
Ionic: Metals and non-metals / Transfer their electrons
Name: sodium oxide
Chemical Formula: Na2O

3. Properties of Ionic Compounds
Strong attraction between oppositely charged ions (cations and anions) – strong bond
High melting point
Conduct electricity when dissolved in water
Hard
Very little smell
Soluble in water

4. Covalent or Molecular Compounds (Review)
Two non-metals
Share electrons

5. Properties of Covalent Compounds
Bonds are strong but attraction between shared electrons is weak
Low melting points
Do not conduct electricity
Soft
Often have a scent
Not easily dissolved in water

6. Electrolytes
Electrolyte: a substance that when it is dissolved in water (aqueous solution) can conduct electricity.
Ionic compounds in aqueous solutions are electrolytes
Molecular compounds in aqueous solutions are considered to be non-electrolytes.

7. Major electrolytes in your body
sodium (Na+)
potassium (K+)
chloride (Cl-)
calcium (Ca 2+)
magnesium (Mg 2+ )
bicarbonate (HCO3-)
phosphate (PO42-)
sulfate (SO42-)

8. In humans, electrolytes help with a number of physical and vital processes.
Many heart and nerve functions, muscle control and coordination, and the body's ability to absorb fluids all depend on a healthy balance of electrolytes.
Many sports drinks contain added potassium and sodium to help restore the body's proper electrolyte balance after intense physical exertion.

9. Notes