1. Chap. 21 Tobacco

2. Facts
According to the Surgeon General, tobacco use, particularly smoking, is the number one cause of preventable disease and death in the United States
Cigarettes contain 43 known carcinogens, including cyanide, arsenic, antifreeze, and poisonous chemicals that are used to clean toilets and kill insects.

3. Tobacco
Nicotine: a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence
All tobacco products contain nicotine
Nicotine is classified as a stimulant, which is a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system
Nicotine raises blood pressure, increases heart rate, and contributes to heart disease and stroke

4. Toxic Mixture
Tobacco smoke has been classified as a Group A carcinogen. A carcinogen is a cancer-causing substance
Cigarettes contain tar, tar penetrates the smoker’s respiratory system and destroys cilia. Cilia is the tiny hair-like structures that line the upper airways and protect against infection by regulating mucous. (This is why smokers have to cough or hack in order to move mucous out of the lungs)
Carbon monoxide is also found in cigarettes, it replaces oxygen in the blood, thereby depriving the tissues and cells of oxygen.

5. Types of Tobacco Smokeless Cigarettes Cigars Pipe tobacco
Clove cigarettes

6. Effects of Smokeless Tobacco
It’s tobacco that is sniffed or chewed
This is not a safe alternative to smoking
Since smokeless tobacco is often held in the mouth for a long period of time, it delivers both nicotine and carcinogens to the body at levels that can be two or three times the amount delivered by a single cigarette
Leukoplakia is a result of smokeless tobacco. It is thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the insides of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer.

7. Short-Term Affects of the Body
Change in brain chemistry
(Addiction, crave more nicotine)
Increased Respiration
(Breathing becomes more difficult)
Increased Heart Rate
(Irregular heart rate can occur)
Dulled Taste Buds
(Cant enjoy food)
Reduced appetite
Bad Breath
(Unattractive effect of tobacco abuse)
Smelly Hair
Smell Clothes
Skin irritation

8. Long-Term Affects of the Body
Chronic Bronchitis
(Cilia no longer functions)
Lung Cancer
(Cancerous cells grow as a result of mucous not being regulated)
Stroke
(Arteries become clogged, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke)
Emphysema
(Air sacs in lungs are destroyed, much more difficult to absorb oxygen)
Coronary Heart Disease
(Constrictions of blood flow to the heart)

9. Reduced Tobacco Use Among Teens
Smoking rates among teens have fallen sharply in recent years
Some factors contributing to this trend are:
Antismoking campaigns
Financial Cost
Societal Pressures
Family Influence

10. Benefits of Living Tobacco Free
Avoiding tobacco lowers the risk of:
Lung Cancer, heart disease, and stoke
It improves cardiovascular endurance, lung function, enhances athletic performance
Experience less stress because you’re not dependent on an addictive substance
Have healthier skin, more energy, smell better, and most of all feel better

11. Strategies for Preventing Use of Tobacco
Nearly 90% of all adults smokers started when they were teens
If you avoid tobacco at an early age, you are likely to stay tobacco free throughout your life
Here are some tips on how to stay tobacco free:
Choose friends who don’t use tobacco
Avoid situations where tobacco product may be sued
Practice and use refusal skills “Say NO Thanks)

12. Why some teens use Tobacco
Think is will help control their weight
Help cope with stress
Might make them seem mature or independent
Peer Pressure
Media Influences
Ads portray tobacco use as glamorous
Boredom
To get back at someone (Revenge factor)

13. Withdrawal from Tobacco
Symptoms Include:
Irritability
Difficulty concentrating
Anxiety
Sleep disturbance
Cravings for tobacco
Weight Gain
To relieve symptoms:
People use nicotine substitutes
Nicotine Patch
Nicotine Gum
Nasal Sprays
Inhalers
(All release small amounts of nicotine in to a person’s system, eventually helping that person give up the habit)

14. Tips for Quitting Prepare for the Day Get Support and Encouragement
Identify health-related services in the community
Replace tobacco use with healthier alternatives
Change daily behavior
Engage n healthful behaviors

15. Effects of smoke on Unborn Children
Smoking during pregnancy can seriously harm the developing fetus
Nicotine passes through the placenta, constricting the blood vessels of the fetus
Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the mother’s and the fetus’s blood
These negative effects increase the risk of impaired fetal growth, miscarriage, prenatal death, premature delivery, low birth weight, deformities, and stillbirths
Babies can also suffer from growth and developmental problems throughout early childhood

16. Effects of smoke on Infants
Children of smokers are nearly twice as likely to be in poor health as those of nonsmokers
Children of smokers tend to have a higher incidence of sore throats, ear infections, and upper respiratory problems
Children who live with smokers have double the risk of developing lung cancer
Because children learn by example, it’s not surprising that children of smokers are nearly three times as likely to smoke as children of nonsmokers
(Being a positive role model is another good reason to make the choice to be tobacco free)

17. Closing Facts Each day 3,000 children smoke their first cigarette
20 percent of American teens smoke
Roughly 6 million teens in the US today smoke despite the knowledge that it is addictive and leads to disease.
3,000 nonsmoking adults die of diseases caused by exposure to second hand smoke every year.
According to the Surgeon's General, Teenagers who smoke were:
Three times more likely to use alcohol.
Eight times are likely to smoke marijuana.
And 22 times more likely to use Cocaine.