1. Periodic Table of Awesomeness (Elements)

2. Subatomic Particles Electrical Charge Location Size Protons Positive
Nucleus
Large mass
Electrons
Negative
Cloud (outside)
Small mass (almost no mass)
Valence electrons
Very outside (outer shell)
Neutrons
Large Mass

3. Information on Each Element
There are 4 main pieces on each square of the periodic table:

4. Information on Each Element
There are 4 main pieces on each square of the periodic table:
Atomic Number: The number of protons the Element has
Protons identifies the element!

5. Information on Each Element
There are 4 main pieces on each square of the periodic table:
Element Symbol: Letter(s) that represent the element.

6. Information on Each Element
There are 4 main pieces on each square of the periodic table:
Element Name

7. Information on Each Element
There are 4 main pieces on each square of the periodic table:
Atomic Mass: The average mass of all isotopes of the atom found in nature.
Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons

8. Mass Number
He – 4
C – 12
C - 14

9. APE MAN 6 6 6
Carbon - 14 14 6 8 8 6
O-16
C-12 8 6 8 6 16 12 8 6 8 6

10. HOMEWORK TONIGHT!
Complete the rest of the APE-MAN Table in your notebook for the following elements:
Hydrogen H – 1
Nitrogen N – 14
Phosphorus P – 31
Sulfur S – 32

11. Groups/Periods
Groups- Vertical columns on Periodic Table Circle Group 3B and label it Group.
Group

12. Groups/Periods
Period- Horizontal Rows on Periodic Table. Tells you how many energy levels the atom has. Circle period 5 and label it period!
Period

13. Metals/ Metalloids/ Nonmetals
Shade and Make a key for each!

14. Groups with Specific Names
Group 1: Alkali Metals Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals Group 17: Halogens Group 18: Noble Gases

15. Trends in Periodic Table
Atomic Radius – How big the atom is
Smallest
Increasing Atomic Radius
“Fat Frank”
Biggest
Increasing Atomic Radius

16. Let’s Practice
Which of the following atoms has the largest atomic radius?
Barium, Calcium, Yttrium
Which of the following has the smallest atomic radius?
Boron, Iodine, Fluorine

17. Valence Electrons Column/Group 1A has 1 valence electron
Column/Group 8A has 8 valence electron (except for He which has 2)

18. Valence Electrons
Valence electrons = e- in outermost shell that determines reactivity/bonding
This is indicated for each column/group by the number in front of the letter above the group
Valence e-
Transition Metals have can have different valence electrons

19. Let’s Practice Find the valence electrons for Carbon Nitrogen 4 Oxygen
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur 4 5 6 1 5 6

20. The most common molecules that make up living organisms (organic)
C H O N P S
The most common molecules that make up living organisms (organic)
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Box these in!!

22. Elements that naturally appear in pairs such a O2
Diatomic Molecules
Elements that naturally appear in pairs such a O2
These are still ELEMENTS, NOT compounds.
Box in the 7!

23. Oxidation
Hypothetical charges an ion or atom would have once bonds are formed.
Atoms have a 0 net charge before bonding.
Bonds form because atoms want to become more stable.
Most atoms are stable with 8 valence electrons.
Positive number means Group members can GIVE an electron.
Negative number means Group members can GAIN (or STEAL) an electron.

24. Oxidation Numbers
None +1
- 1 +3
+/- 4
- 3
- 2 +2

25. Let’s Practice What is the oxidation # for:
Sodium
Magnesium
Potassium
Carbon
Neon
Fluorine
Did they gain or give electrons? +1
gave
gave +2
gave +1
+/- 4
Gave/gained
None
No reaction No bonding -1
Gained

26. Octet Rule Most atoms want 8 valance electrons to become stable.
Exceptions H and He which follow duet rule.
+ 11 proton
-10 electrons
+1 Charge!!!

27. Reactivity
Reactivity refers to the rate at which a chemical substance tends to undergo a chemical reaction.
Non-Metals Increasing Reactivity
Metals Increasing Reactivity

28. Let’s Practice Which of the following is the most reactive metal?
Na, K, Rb
K, Ca, Sc
Which of the following is the most reactive nonmetal?
Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen
C, Si, Ge
Which group/family is the most reactive metal?
Which group/family is the most reactive nonmetal?
Which group is least reactive?
1A/ Alkali Metals
17 or 7A/ Halogens
18 or 8A/Noble Gases