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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.

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Presentation on theme: "ORGANIC CHEMISTRY."— Presentation transcript:

1 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

2 General representation of a functional group = R
8.2 Functional Groups Groups of organic compounds such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics are called FUNCTIONAL GROUPS It is an atom or a group of atoms that react in a characteristics manner (the same functional groups react in a similar manner) General representation of a functional group = R You don’t need to name all of them, but you MUST be able to identify the type of functional group

3 ALKYL HALIDES: R – X (X = Cl, Br, I, and F)
Must know how to NAME and IDENTIFY them

4 1. USE THE SAME RULES AS FOR ALKANES
RULES FOR NAMING! 1. USE THE SAME RULES AS FOR ALKANES 2. Names for HALOGENS HALOGEN HALO GROUP Fluorine Fluoro Bromine Bromo Chlorine Chloro Iodine Iodo

5 Fluoro Bromo Chloro Iodo
HALOGEN HALO GROUP Fluorine Fluoro Bromine Bromo Chlorine Chloro Iodine Iodo

6

7 Alcohols: R – OH (OH = hydroxyl group)
Must know how to NAME and IDENTIFY them

8 RULES FOR NAMING!

9

10 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
ETHERS: R – O – R’ Must know how to IDENTIFY them

11 Aldehydes (contain carbonyl group)
Must know how to IDENTIFY them

12 Ketones (contain carbonyl group)
Must know how to IDENTIFY them

13

14 Ketones Aromatics Alcohol

15 Carboxylic Acids (contain carboxyl group)
Organic acids Must know how to IDENTIFY them

16 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
Esters Used as flavoring agents, perfumes, DNA, explosives Must know how to IDENTIFY them

17 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
Esters Use as flavoring agents, perfumes, DNA, explosives Must know how to IDENTIFY them

18 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
Amines Must know how to IDENTIFY them Used as drugs (antihistamines, decongestants) or dyes Illegal drugs: ecstasy, crystal meth

19 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
Amides Must know how to IDENTIFY them Nitrogen bound to a carbonyl group Used in plastics, rubber, nylon, Kevlar, acetaminophen, proteins

20 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
Amides Must know how to IDENTIFY them Nitrogen bound to a carbonyl group Used in plastics, rubber, nylon, Kevlar, acetaminophen, proteins

21 Must know how to IDENTIFY them
Amides Must know how to IDENTIFY them Nitrogen bound to a carbonyl group Used in plastics, rubber, nylon, Kevlar, acetaminophen, proteins

22

23 Carboxylic acid Ester Aromatic

24 Ester Amine Aromatic Ester

25 HOMEWORK Pages: 225 Problems:

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