1. Waveforms & Timing Diagrams

2. Timing Diagrams
A timing diagram is a graph of voltage versus time. The horizontal time scale is marked off in regular intervals and voltage is marked off in regular intervals along a vertical scale.
mSec
Volts
Timing diagrams are used to:
Show how a digital signal changes with time
Compare two or more signals in the same circuit

3. Waveforms: Oscilloscopes can be used to compare: Oscilloscope
one or more digital signals to their expected timing diagram
one or more input signals to the output signal
Oscilloscope

4. Timing Diagram for an AND Gate
A B OUTPUT
Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

5. Timing Diagram for an OR Gate
A B OUTPUT
Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

6. Timing Diagram for a NAND Gate
A B OUTPUT
Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

7. Timing Diagram for a NOR Gate
A B OUTPUT
Waveforms on Logic Analyzer

8. Timing Diagram to Truth Table:
Input 1
Input 2
Output
A B OUTPUT
Output is ON only when both inputs are ON
This circuit is an AND GATE 1

9. Timing Diagram to Truth Table:
Inputs A, B, C
Output
A B C OUTPUT 1 1 1
Output is ON when any input is ON
This circuit is an OR GATE 1 1 1 1

10. Timing Diagram to Truth Table:
A B OUTPUT 1 1
Output is ON only when Input A or Input B is ON
This circuit is an exclusive OR GATE

11. Logic to Timing Diagram:

12. Logic to Timing Diagram: