3. 1 a.
PE store decreases as the ball drops.
The thermal energy store of the roller coaster braking system
and surroundings increases.
Energy is transferred by heating due to friction and
a tiny amount by sound waves
1 b.
PE store increases as the roller coaster climbs the hill.
KE store decreases.
As it descends the hill the KE store increases and the GPE store decreases.
The thermal energy store of the roller coaster and surroundings increases.
Energy is transferred by heating due to friction and
a tiny amount by sound waves

4. 2 a.
PE store decreases then increases as the ball drops and rises.
KE store increases then decreases as the ball drops and rises.
The thermal energy stores of the surroundings, the trampoline and the ball increases.
A small proportion of the Energy is transferred while moving and raises the thermal
energy store of the surroundings (heating due to friction and a tiny amount by sound
waves )
2 b.
The PE store at the start will be greater than at the height of the first bounce.
2 c. The ‘bounciest’ trampoline will have the highest GPE store at the height of the first bounce.

5. 2 a.
During launch : Elastic PE store decreases. KE store increases.
During the flight upwards : KE store decreases , the GPE store increases
A small proportion of the Energy is transferred while moving and raises the thermal
energy store of the capsule and the surroundings (heating due to friction and a tiny
amount by sound waves )