1. The Impact of the Enlightenment
Ch. 10 Section 3-4

2. Art and Music A new style of art called rococo takes over Europe
Emphasized grace, charm, and gentle action
Not religiously focused
Focused on the pursuit of pleasure, happiness, and love
Composers such as Mozart and Bach created their masterpieces during this time in history

4. Enlightened Absolutism?
Enlightened absolutism – rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their royal powers
Frederick II of Prussia, also known as Frederick the Great
Abolished the use of torture except in treason and murder cases
Granted limited freedom of speech and press
Greater religious toleration

5. Maria Theresa Maria Theresa of Austria… Maria Theresa’s son Joseph II…
Worked hard to ease the condition of the serfs
Maria Theresa’s son Joseph II…
Abolished serfdom
Eliminated the death penalty
Established equality b/f the law
Enacted religious reforms, including religious toleration

6. Joseph II of Austria Joseph II reforms failed b/c…
He alienated the nobles by freeing the serfs
He alienated the Catholic Church w/ his religious reforms
Even the freed serfs were unhappy
They did not know what to do with all this freedom and were unable to make sense of all of it
Joseph II realized his failures
He wrote the epitaph for his tombstone “Here lies Joseph II who was unfortunate in everything he undertook.”
His successors undid almost all of his reforms

7. Seven Years’ War Sides of war… Areas of conflict…
France, Austria, and Russia
Britain and Prussia
Areas of conflict…
Europe, India, and North America

8. Seven Year’s War In Europe…
Prussia & British vs. Russia, France & Austria
Frederick the Great monarch of Prussia
Prussia’s forces under attack from 3 different directions
Peter III b/c new Russian czar
Peter III greatly admires Frederick the Great of Prussia
Peter III w/draws Russian troops from the war
War ends in Europe with the Treaty of Paris in 1763
All occupied territories are returned to their original owners

9. Seven Years’ War In India… Known in India as the Great War for Empire
British vs. French
British win b/c they were more persistent
War in India ends with the Treaty of Paris in 1763
The French w/drew and left India to the British

10. Seven Years’ War In North America…
French & Indians (and later the Spanish) vs. British & Colonists
Called the French and Indian War in America
French colonies in N. America
Vast trading area, very thinly populated, lived well with the Indians
British colonies in N. America
Very populated, infringed on the Indians way of life
The French and British were fighting over the Ohio River Valley

11. French and Indian War Ohio River Valley
France b/g to put forts in the Ohio River Valley
French forts were threatening British settlers from expanding into the area
Indians side w/ the French b/c the French are traders, not settlers
The British did not live well w/ the Indians

12. French and Indian War
War in N. America ended w/ the Treaty of Paris in 1763 – Britain Won!
Transferred Canada and the lands east of the Mississippi to England
Spain transferred Florida to British control
French gave their Louisiana territory to the Spanish
By 1763 Great Britain had b/c the world’s greatest colonial power

13. American Revolution
British needs money to pay for the debt of the French and Indian War
They b/g to tax colonists in order to make money
Colonist b/g to unite and organize against British laws they saw as unjust and invalid
The war begins due to…
NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!!!
France gives aid to the colonists
France was instrumental in the colonists winning the war

14. American Revolution Treaty of Paris 1783 ends the war
Recognizes the independence of the American colonies
The United States of America
Grants the Americans control of the land as far west as the Mississippi River
The new country drafts a Constitution and a Bill of Rights

15. Enlightened America The war for independence…
Influenced by…
John Locke – corrupt govt. should be overthrown and replaced by a govt. of the people
Rousseau – govt. is only valid if the people give their consent (social contract)
The Constitution and Bill of Rights…
Influenced by Montesquieu – 3 branches of govt.
John Locke – natural rights, protection of citizens
Rousseau – social contract makes laws valid