1. Cell Structure & Function

2. Cell Theory Robert Hooke Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 3 parts
a. all living things are composed of cells
b. cells come from existing cells.
c. cells are the basic unit of life

3. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.
Shape = Function
Nerve cell:
Skin Cell:
White blood cell:

4. Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic – do not have membrane
bound organelles (Unicellular)
- no nucleus
ex) bacteria
Eukaryotic – contain membrane bound
organelles (Multicellular)
- HAS a nucleus
ex) plant and animal cell

5. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
One-celled organisms, Bacteria

6. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

9. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

10. Cell Parts
Organelles

11. Cell Membrane Structure “what it looks like”
Phospholipid bilayer

12. Functions of the Cell Membrane
Keeps things in
Keeps things out
Regulates what passes through
* nutrients and food
* gases
* water
Semi-Permeable!

13. Location of cell membrane
Found in plant AND animal cells

14. Ribosomes

15. Function of Ribosomes Site of protein synthesis Made up of RNA
Attached to ER (making proteins for another cell)
Floating freely (making proteins for THAT cell)

16. Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Ribosomes
Found in plant AND animal cell

17. Nucleus

18. Nucleus DNA and RNA are made
Nuclear Pores – holes in the nuclear envelope which allow things to enter and leave the nucleus

19. Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Nucleus
Found in plant AND animal cell

20. Nucleolus

21. Nucleolus
Center of the nucleus
Where ribosomes are made

22. Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Nucleolus
Found in plant AND animal cell

23. Lysosome

24. Function of Lysosomes
Organelles which contain the digestive enzymes of the cell used for recycling

25. Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Lysosomes
Found in plant AND animal cell

26. Endoplasmic Reticulum

27. Functions of the E.R S.E.R. R.E.R.
Membrane that is an extension from the nuclear envelope which creates a pathway for proteins.
S.E.R.
Stores compounds such as lipids and carbohydrates
Detoxify poisons or toxins
R.E.R.
Holds the ribosomes
Stores proteins
Puts proteins in bubbles called vesicles to send them to other cells

28. Found in plant AND animal cell
Location
Found in plant AND animal cell

29. Golgi Bodies/Apparatus

30. Gogli Apparatus Processing, packaging, secreting organelle of the cell
“The Post Office” of the cell

31. Found in plant AND animal cell
Location
Found in plant AND animal cell

32. Mitochondria

33. Mitochondria – POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
Converts food into energy (Function)
Site of cellular respiration

34. Location
Found in plant AND animal cell

35. Chloroplast

36. Chloroplast
Site of photosynthesis
Green – due to chlorophyll

37. Found in plant cells ONLY
Location
Found in plant cells ONLY

38. Cell Wall

39. Cell Wall Thick outer covering surrounding the membrane
Made of Cellulose
Plant cells ONLY

40. Vacuoles

41. Vacuoles Fluid filled sac Function Stores extra nutrients and water
Stores waste

42. Found in plant AND animal
Location
Found in plant AND animal

43. Cytoplasm

44. Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture Surrounded by cell membrane Function
Organelles float in it
Contain the nutrients and chemicals of the cell

45. Cytoskeleton Protein framework of the cell Function:
Provides shape and support
Gives organelles something to attach to
Aids in movement
Aids in cell division