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Cell Structure & Function

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Presentation on theme: "Cell Structure & Function"— Presentation transcript:

1 Cell Structure & Function

2 Cell Theory Robert Hooke Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 3 parts
a. all living things are composed of cells b. cells come from existing cells. c. cells are the basic unit of life

3 Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. Shape = Function Nerve cell: Skin Cell: White blood cell:

4 Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic – do not have membrane
bound organelles (Unicellular) - no nucleus ex) bacteria Eukaryotic – contain membrane bound organelles (Multicellular) - HAS a nucleus ex) plant and animal cell

5 Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures One-celled organisms, Bacteria

6 Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms Plant Animal

7

8

9 Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

10 Cell Parts Organelles

11 Cell Membrane Structure “what it looks like”
Phospholipid bilayer

12 Functions of the Cell Membrane
Keeps things in Keeps things out Regulates what passes through * nutrients and food * gases * water Semi-Permeable!

13 Location of cell membrane
Found in plant AND animal cells

14 Ribosomes

15 Function of Ribosomes Site of protein synthesis Made up of RNA
Attached to ER (making proteins for another cell) Floating freely (making proteins for THAT cell)

16 Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Ribosomes Found in plant AND animal cell

17 Nucleus

18 Nucleus DNA and RNA are made
Nuclear Pores – holes in the nuclear envelope which allow things to enter and leave the nucleus

19 Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Nucleus Found in plant AND animal cell

20 Nucleolus

21 Nucleolus Center of the nucleus Where ribosomes are made

22 Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Nucleolus Found in plant AND animal cell

23 Lysosome

24 Function of Lysosomes Organelles which contain the digestive enzymes of the cell used for recycling

25 Found in plant AND animal cell
Location of Lysosomes Found in plant AND animal cell

26 Endoplasmic Reticulum

27 Functions of the E.R S.E.R. R.E.R.
Membrane that is an extension from the nuclear envelope which creates a pathway for proteins. S.E.R. Stores compounds such as lipids and carbohydrates Detoxify poisons or toxins R.E.R. Holds the ribosomes Stores proteins Puts proteins in bubbles called vesicles to send them to other cells

28 Found in plant AND animal cell
Location Found in plant AND animal cell

29 Golgi Bodies/Apparatus

30 Gogli Apparatus Processing, packaging, secreting organelle of the cell
“The Post Office” of the cell

31 Found in plant AND animal cell
Location Found in plant AND animal cell

32 Mitochondria

33 Mitochondria – POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
Converts food into energy (Function) Site of cellular respiration

34 Location Found in plant AND animal cell

35 Chloroplast

36 Chloroplast Site of photosynthesis Green – due to chlorophyll

37 Found in plant cells ONLY
Location Found in plant cells ONLY

38 Cell Wall

39 Cell Wall Thick outer covering surrounding the membrane
Made of Cellulose Plant cells ONLY

40 Vacuoles

41 Vacuoles Fluid filled sac Function Stores extra nutrients and water
Stores waste

42 Found in plant AND animal
Location Found in plant AND animal

43 Cytoplasm

44 Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture Surrounded by cell membrane Function
Organelles float in it Contain the nutrients and chemicals of the cell

45 Cytoskeleton Protein framework of the cell Function:
Provides shape and support Gives organelles something to attach to Aids in movement Aids in cell division


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