1. Enzymes

3. Enzymes are Proteins
Made in the Ribosomes
Monomer: Amino Acid
Peptide bonds bind amino acids together

4. Enzymes act as catalysts
Speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy
Activation energy = Energy needed to start a reaction

5. Enzymes are reusable; they do not get used up
Enzymes do not change
Enzymes end in –ase
EX: Lactase
Amylase

6. Substrates bind to enzymes at the active site
Substrate – what the enzyme acts on
Active site – where the substrate binds/attaches to

8. 2 ways enzyme and substrate bind
Lock & Key Fit – fit perfectly together

9. 2. Induced Fit – enzyme changes shape to fit the substrate

10. Inhibitor - Prevents function of enzyme (2 types)
Competitive – blocks substrate
Non-competitive – changes enzyme shape by binding elsewhere

11. Factors affecting Enzyme activity
Denature – decreases function by increasing or decreasing pH or temperature; Not at optimum performance
Substrate Saturation – once enzymes are
saturated, activity does not increase; too
many substrates, not enough enzymes
Enzyme Saturation – when enzymes are
increased to act on substrates; too many
Enzymes, not enough substrates
Presence of Inhibitors– when enzymes are
changed or reshaped by another protein (inhibitors)

13. Reviewing Enzymes! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo