1. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
From 1550 to 1700, Europe experienced a Scientific Revolution when new ideas in physics, astronomy, biology, anatomy changed the way Europeans viewed the natural world 1 1 1 1 2 o 7 n 4
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2. The Revolution Revolution: a dramatic change
During this time science changed from what people thought to what people observed.
They started doing experiments

3. The Truth Hurts
The problem is that this challenged many long held beliefs.
The Church did not happily accept being challenged.

4. Observe Hypothesize Experiment
Instead of just accepting anything the Church said people used the scientific method:
Observe
Hypothesize
Experiment

5. HELIOCENTRIC UNIVERSE
Copernicus said that the earth revolved around the sun.
This went against the teaching of Aristotle (an old scientist).
It also went against the teaching of the Church.

6. Church Problems
Remember: The church was the center of knowledge in the Middle Ages.
If they were wrong about science, they might be wrong around other things.
They believed the Bible said the Earth is the center.

7. So…
Copernicus wrote a book about his theory but refused to publish it.
He was afraid of the punishment he might get from the church.
(This was before the Reformation)

8. Galileo first wanted to become a monk.
His father convinced him to make more money and become a doctor.
He did not agree with his professors in school.
Galileo agreed with Copernicus about the Sun and Earth.
Galileo intro from some history channel thing. I think it was called Great Inventors.

9. The Telescope
Galileo realized that observation was the key to science.
He used the telescope to prove the Copernican theory.
Saw that Jupiter had its own moon meaning other planets were central objects too.
So…

10. Galileo wrote a book in 1610 showing his theories.
So…
Galileo wrote a book in 1610 showing his theories.
The church had been weakened during the Renaissance so he wasn’t as afraid as Copernicus.
The church, however, was still powerful.

11. Church Response The church continued to disagree with him.
They asked “If the Earth is moving, why can’t we feel it?”
Galileo took this opportunity to do some experiments with motion.

12. His Experiments Galileo was particularly interested in gravity.
He ran multiple experiments to find out how it worked.
He wrote a book about them to again argue that the Earth moved.
Roll test

13. Even with proof, the church forced him to say that his science was wrong.
If he didn’t, he might be tortured or killed.
He was put under house arrest for the rest of his life.
His theories lived on in his books, the truth could not be stopped.

14. Isaac Newton Newton simplified and developed the law of gravity
Isaac Newton Newton simplified and developed the law of gravity. Explained the world worked like a machine that had to follow laws. Explained how gravity keeps the planets in orbit.

15. Other Scientific Breakthroughs
Robert Boyle
Developed concept of individual elements and their compounds (Chemistry)
Andreas Vesalius
Gave the first in-depth analysis of human anatomy

16. Things to Remember
The scientific method (hypothesize, observe, experiment) was important at this time.
The Church struggled to keep people from disagreeing with them.
Galileo was cool.