1. Oceans

2. Interesting Facts
Ninety percent of all volcanic activity occurs in the oceans.
Earth's longest mountain range is the Mid-Ocean Ridge
At the deepest point in the ocean the pressure is more than 8 tons per square inch, or the equivalent of one person trying to support 50 jumbo jets.
At 39 degrees Fahrenheit, the temperature of almost all of the deep ocean is only a few degrees above freezing.
If mined, all the gold suspended in the world's seawater would give each person on Earth 9 pounds.
If the ocean's total salt content were dried, it would cover the continents to a depth of 5 feet.

3. 5 main bodies from largest to smallest
Pacific – largest and deepest
Atlantic – covers 20% of the Earth’s surface
Indian – between Africa, India and Indonesia
Southern – ice covers some of it all year round
Arctic – smallest and shallowest, ice covers some of it year round

4. Formation of the oceans
Gas (water vapor) from volcanoes
Condensation – the Earth cooled. Rain fell for tens of thousands of years
Asteroids and comets – icy comets and asteroids melted

5. Composition of seawater
Salinity – amount of dissolved solids in a mass of water, usually measured in ppt (parts per thousand)
Elements found in seawater: chlorine, sodium, sulfate, magnesium, calcium, potassium, and trace amounts of other minerals.
Brackish – where salt water mixes with fresh

6. The Seafloor Continental margin – ocean basin next to a continent.
Continental shelf
Continental slope
Continental rise

7. Abyssal Plains
Large flat areas that extend across the deepest parts of the ocean basins

8. Mid-ocean ridges
Where tectonic plates pull apart

9. Zones Surface – receives the greatest amount of sunlight
Middle – Receives only a faint amount of blue-green light
Deep zone – plants cannot grow, no light, most deep sea animals make their own light using bioluminescence

10. Waves 2 parts to a wave Two measurements Trough Crest Wavelength
Wave height

11. Wave motion The particle of water is circular
Water is not moved from place to place. Only energy is moved

12. Wave video clip

13. Breakers
As waves approach shore the base of the wave slows down, while the top of the wave continues at the same speed
The wave length shortens and wave height increases
When the wave reaches a certain height, the wave base cannot support the crest and the wave collapses or breaks

14. Ride the wave

15. Tsunamis
A wave that forms when an ocean disturbance suddenly moves a large volume of water.
Earthquake
Landslide
Volcanic eruption

16. Tsunami
Far from shore the wave height is short, but the wave length can be hundreds of meters long
As the tsunami approaches the shore, it slows down and grows higher

17. Tsunami interactive

18. Tides
Sea level – average level of the ocean’s surface at any given time
Tides – the periodic rise and fall of the ocean’s surface caused by the gravitational force between Earth and the Moon and between Earth and the Sun.

19. Tides The moon pulls up on the ocean creating a bulge
The bulges are largest on the side facing the Moon and the opposite side of the Earth
That is high tide

20. Tides Some areas, have a large difference between high and low tide
Tidal range is the difference in water level between a high and low tide