1. Chapter 8: Covalent Bonding

2. 8-1 The Comvalent Bond Why do atoms bond?
Atoms bond to fill valence shells with electrons and become stable.
A Covalent bond is a sharing of electrons between two ‘non-metals’ to gain stability.
Good examples are the diatomic elements: N2 , O2 , F2 , Cl2 , Br2, I2 and H2
Learn these… when they occur without other elements, they occur as a pair.

3. Single Covalent Bonds
Br, H, Cl, I, and F are examples of diatomic elements that bond with covalent single bonds.

4. Covalent Double Bonds
If one shared pair does not fill the valence shell, atoms share a second electron.

5. Triple Covalent Bonds
If atoms cannot fill their valence shells with 2 covalent bonds, they can make up to triple bonds. (No more than triple, though.)

6. Models of Covalent Bonding
Lewis Dot diagrams
Structural diagrams
and space-filling-3D models.
Structural dot diagrams

7. Chapter 8 Vocabulary